植物学报 ›› 1995, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (专辑): 21-25.

• 研讨会论文集 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川苏铁模式产地的生长调查及其起源考证

王定跃 彭晗   

  1. (深圳市仙湖植物园,深圳 518004)
  • 出版日期:1995-11-15 发布日期:1995-11-15

An investigation of individuals of the type locality and textual research on the origin of Cycas szechuanensis Cheng et L. K. Fu

Wang Ding-yue and Peng Han   

  1. (Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518004)
  • Online:1995-11-15 Published:1995-11-15

摘要: 四川苏铁通常被认为四川特产,野生种群已绝灭。据作者调查与考证,模式产地峨眉山四川苏铁约有13株,均为雌株,为清代僧人引自我国南部某地的同一雌株或不同雌株,四川各地栽培的四川苏铁很可能直接或间接源于峨眉山的四川苏铁,四川苏铁的原产地在我国南部某省区,而非四川。

Abstract: Cycas szechuanensis was described in 1975, based on the female specimen collected by Xiong Jihua at Fuhu Temple, Mt. Emei. The species was believed to be endemic to Sichuan province and was extinct in the wild. According to authors, investigation there were many individuals of Cycas szechuanensis under cultivation in Sichuan Province, such as Chongqing, Leshan, Chengdu etc. areas. However, these plants were all female, their trunks were short, less than 1 m high and the diameters of stems were usually less than 30 cm at the base. Their ages were estimated less than 100 years old obviously. The authors found that there were about 13 cultivated individuals at the type locality Mt. Emei, 11 of them were larger than 30 cm in diameter at the base. Their ages seemed to be more than 100 years ,some of them even more than 200 or 300 years old. They were all female and cultivated resource. Where did these Cycas szechuanensis come from? Where was their original distribution? According to our textual research, the following ideas may be concluded: 1. The individuals of Cycas szechuanensis cultivated over Sichuan Province were most probably directly or indirectly from those cultivated at Mt.. Emei propagated by suckers. So they were homologous genetically. 2. The Cycas szechuanensis cultivated at Mt. Emei was collected by a certain monk in Qing Dynasty from one or several suckers of female plants in China area of the Dome southern. 3. The original distribution of Cycas szechuanensis should be in the southern area of China other than Sichuan Province. A powerful evidence was that a female sichuanese cycad cultivated in our garden bore seventeen seeds in 1993. The male cycad pollinated to the female cycad was introduced from a province of southern China, and was very similar to the Sichuanese cycad in habit and leaf morphology.