豹子花属及百合属13种25居群的核型研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2011.11017

Plant Diversity ›› 2011, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 477-.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1143.2011.11017

豹子花属及百合属13种25居群的核型研究

万娟, 周颂东

四川大学生命科学学院，四川成都610064

收稿日期:2011-01-25 出版日期:2011-10-25 发布日期:2011-04-06
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31100161, 31070166)；教育部博士点基金资助项目（20090181110064）；中国科学院大科学装置开放研究项目（2009-LSF-GBOWS-01）；科技部科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2007FY110100)

Karyotypes of Twenty-five Populations of Thirteen Species in Nomocharis and Lilium

Wan Juan, ZHOU Song-Dong

四川大学生命科学学院，四川成都610064

Received:2011-01-25 Online:2011-10-25 Published:2011-04-06
Supported by:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31100161, 31070166)；教育部博士点基金资助项目（20090181110064）；中国科学院大科学装置开放研究项目（2009-LSF-GBOWS-01）；科技部科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2007FY110100)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用常规压片法对豹子花属6种11居群和百合属7种14居群进行了核型研究，并用不对称系数AI度量核型不对称性，以CVCL-CVCI散点图比较近缘类群之间的亲缘关系。结果表明：1）除美丽豹子花Nomocharis basilissa为三倍体外，其余全为二倍体；2）核型在种间、居群间存在变异，特别是在随体染色体的数目和位置以及B染色体的有无上种间存在明显差别；3）CVCL-CVCI散点图显示豹子花属与百合属关系密切；4）染色体结构变异产生数量和类型不同的次缢痕，是豹子花属植物进化的主要方式。豹子花属在从其起源地和分化中心高黎贡山向四周扩散时，细胞核型方面伴随着出现了非整倍体、三倍体、B染色体和次缢痕进化的类型。

关键词: 核型进化, 豹子花属, 百合属, 次缢痕, 不对称系数AI

Abstract:

Karyotypes of 11 populations of 6 species in Nomocharis and 14 populations of 7 species in Lilium were analyzed to discuss the taxonomic treatment of Nomocharis and elucidate the phylogenetic relationship between Nomocharis and Lilium. Cytological observations were carried out exclusively from root tips. For mitotic arrest, meristematic tissues were pre-treated with 1∶1 mixture of 0.1% colchicine and p-dichlorobenzene at ambient temperature (10℃-20℃) for 8-10h before fixation in Carnoy I (one part glacial acetic acid to three parts absolute ethanol) at 4℃ for 2-24h. They were macerated in 1mol·L-1 HCl at 60℃ for 5-6 minutes, stained and squashed in Carbol Fuchisn. Karyotype asymmetry was assessed by four indices (As.K%, AI, CVCL and CVCI) in which the later three were newly proposed and had be considered to have phylogenetic significance. Furthermore, we tried to clarify the relationship between Nomocharis and Lilium with the scatter diagram of CVCL against CVCI. The results and conclusions were as follows：1) Karyotypes showed differences among species and populations, especially in the number and location of secondary constrictions as well as the presence or absence of B chromosomes；2) Nomocharis and Lilium are closely related；3) Chromosome structural variation produced abundant types (five in total) of secondary constrictions, which was considered to be the main driving force of evolution in the genus Nomocharis；4) Aneuploid, triploid, B chromosomes and secondary constriction type Ⅲ emerged accompanied by the dispersal of Nomocharis to adjacent areas from its origin and differentiation center, namely, Gaoligongshan. In this paper, the triploid of N.basilissa and karyotypes of L.xanthellum were documented for the first time.

Key words: Karyotype evolution, Nomocharis, Lilium, Secondary constriction, The AI index

中图分类号:

Q 942

万娟, 周颂东. 豹子花属及百合属13种25居群的核型研究[J]. Plant Diversity, 2011, 33(5): 477-.

Wan Juan, ZHOU Song-Dong. Karyotypes of Twenty-five Populations of Thirteen Species in Nomocharis and Lilium[J]. Plant Diversity, 2011, 33(5): 477-.

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豹子花属及百合属13种25居群的核型研究

Karyotypes of Twenty-five Populations of Thirteen Species in Nomocharis and Lilium

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