Abstract: The vegetative status and the flowering and fruiting developmental rhythm of Changnienia amoena were investigated in Tiantangzhai population of Anhui province during the flowering and fruiting period. It did not flower until the plant has developed three pseudo_bulbs with a total volume of more than 8 cm3 per shoot, and the leaves had a total area of more than 33 cm2. Larger plants displayed a longer flowering duration. Scapes showed different growth phases during the flowering and fruiting period: discontinuing growth during flowering, and showing a logistic type of growth during young fruit development. The close correlation of flowering with large plants might be a vulnerable point in the life cycle of Changnienia amoena while facing increasing exploitation by human beings, which could threaten the survival of the species. 