Abstract: The reproductive biology including population structure, sexual reproduction as well as vegetative propagation of Chloranthus holostagius has been observed and analysed in this paper. The result shows that in natural conditions, Chloranthus holostagius is mainly distributed on northern slopes of valleys with good every-green broad-leaved forests. The plant shows a kind of aggregated distribution pattern. The plant mainly processes sexual reproduction, and population regeneration is good. It takes about 3- 4 years from seed germination to sex mature. The matured individual has usually 1 terminal and sometimes 2 or 4 lateral spikes. In population, on an average, each individual can produce 1.91 spikes. Each spike has 28.07 disexual flowers. Chloranthus holostagius is allogamy and has a series of adaptable structures and morphologies. Its pollinator is Thropdae.

Key words: Chloranthus holostagius, Population, Reproductive biology