SIMULATION OF SOIL WATER DYNAMICS IN A CARAGANA INTERMEDIA WOODLAND IN HUANGFUCHUAN WATERSHED: RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SLOPE, ASPECT, PLANT DENSITY AND SOIL WATER CONTENT

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0122

Abstract

Abstract:

With an increase in vegetation coverage, there can be a decrease in soil water content due to uptake and evapotranspiration by the vegetation. At high planting densities, poor growth and even mortality has occurred due to the decrease in soil water content. Hence, a better understanding of the relationship between soil water content and the density of plants is important for designing effective restoration projects. To study these relationships, we developed a soil water dynamic simulation model of a Caragana intermedia woodland under different slope gradients and slope aspect in the Huangfuchuan watershed conditions based on previous studies and field experiments. The model took into account soil characteristics, precipitation infiltration, vegetation transpiration, and soil evaporation. Daily changes in soil water content, transpiration, and evaporation of Caragana intermedia woodlands with different vegetation coverage, slope gradient, and slope aspect was simulated from 1971 to 2000. Through model simulations, we determined the functional relationships among soil water content, plant coverage and slope as well as the optimal plant density on flat slopes. With further simulations, we determined the effects of slope gradient and slope aspect on soil water content. When slope gradient was less than 10 degrees, the optimal planting density was sensitive to slope gradient. In the range of 10 and 30 degrees, planting density was not sensitive to slope gradient. Therefore, when reconstructing vegetation, it is important to consider planting densities on the hillsides with slope gradients less than 10 degrees.

Key words: Soil water dynamics, Evapotranspiration, Simulation model, Caragana intermedia

JIA Hai-Kun, LIU Ying-Hui, XU Xia, WANG Kun, GAO Qiong. SIMULATION OF SOIL WATER DYNAMICS IN A CARAGANA INTERMEDIA WOODLAND IN HUANGFUCHUAN WATERSHED: RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SLOPE, ASPECT, PLANT DENSITY AND SOIL WATER CONTENT[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2005, 29(6): 910-917.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2005.0122

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2005/V29/I6/910

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Structure of the modle of soil water dynamic of Caragana intermedia woodland

Table 1 Soil character indexes

特征指标 Character indexes				数值 Value
砂粒含量 Sand-grain fraction				82.16%
粉粒含量 Silt fraction				6.78%
黏粒含量 Clay fraction				11.06%
田间持水量 Field moisture capacity				0.19 m³·m^-3
剩余含水量 Residual moisture content				0.025 m³·m^-3
饱和含水量 Saturation moisture content				0.37 m³·m^-3
萎蔫含水量 Wilting point moisture				0.027 m³·m^-3
饱和导水率 Saturated hydraulic conductivity				10 cm·h^-1
容重 Bulk density				1.44 g³·cm^-3

Fig.2 Cumulative root distributions of Caragana intermedia The dashed for measured data, the real line for fitted

Fig.3 Simulated versus measured soil water content (SWC) in the growing season of 1998-1999

Fig.4 Simulated versus measured transpiration in the growing seasons of 1998-1999

Fig.5 1991-2000 yearly mean soil water content versus coverage-slope (aspect=180°)

Fig.6 Mean soil water content between 1991-2000 versus coverage and aspect (slope=30°)

Table 2 Types of function between soil water content and slope of different aspect

坡度 Slope	0°	45°	90°	135°	180°
土壤水分与坡度的关系 Soil water content versus slope	↗	↗	∩	∪	↘

Fig.7 Suitable coverage versus slope (aspect=180°)

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