Plant Diversity ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (03): 183-197.DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2019.04.002
Popova Svetlanaa, Utescher Torstenb,c, Averyanova Annaa, Tarasevich Valentinaa, Tropina Polinaa, Xing Yaowud
收稿日期:
2018-11-19
修回日期:
2019-04-04
出版日期:
2019-06-25
发布日期:
2019-08-15
通讯作者:
Popova Svetlana,E-mail address:svetlana.popova@binran.ru
基金资助:
Popova Svetlanaa, Utescher Torstenb,c, Averyanova Annaa, Tarasevich Valentinaa, Tropina Polinaa, Xing Yaowud
Received:
2018-11-19
Revised:
2019-04-04
Online:
2019-06-25
Published:
2019-08-15
Contact:
Popova Svetlana,E-mail address:svetlana.popova@binran.ru
Supported by:
摘要: The investigation of the fossil floras from the Turgai plateau (central Kazakhstan) contributes to a better understanding of the origin of the temperate Turgai type flora which spread to Kazakhstan and adjacent areas during the OligoceneeMiocene transition. In this paper, we present the results of a carpological and palynological study of the Kumyrtas flora collected from a flora-bearing horizon of the regional coalbearing Zhilanchik suite, dated to the Aquitanian period. Pollen analysis identified 33 taxa, with are dominated by angiosperms (about 73%) and reflect zonal vegetation. The high percentages of Betula (27%) and Pterocarya (7.5%) that were found in this flora allows comparisons with other Aquitanian floras of Kazakhstan. Based on descriptions of fossil fruits and seeds, we determined that 19 taxa were dominant; these taxa had meosphytic herbaceous components, suggesting mostly edaphic local conditions. The incongruence between the carpological and the pollen records suggests a significant taphonomical effect. Quantitative reconstruction of the palaeoclimate based on pollen records supports-and slightly extends-previous findings based on fossil leaf data, but contradicts findings deduced from the carpological record. Plant Functional Type (PFT) classification was used to characterize the vegetation patterns. Pollen records show that about 45% of diversity relates to the arboreal broadleaved deciduous components and ca. 35% to conifers. Fossil fruit and seed data indicate riverine vegetation with a high diversity of aquatic components and shrub stratum.
Popova Svetlana, Utescher Torsten, Averyanova Anna, Tarasevich Valentina, Tropina Polina, Xing Yaowu. Early Miocene flora of central Kazakhstan (Turgai Plateau) and its paleoenvironmental implications[J]. Plant Diversity, 2019, 41(03): 183-197.
Popova Svetlana, Utescher Torsten, Averyanova Anna, Tarasevich Valentina, Tropina Polina, Xing Yaowu. Early Miocene flora of central Kazakhstan (Turgai Plateau) and its paleoenvironmental implications[J]. Plant Diversity, 2019, 41(03): 183-197.
物种 Species | 森林类型 Forest type | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苔藓矮林 Dwarf mossy forest | 木果柯林 Lithocarpus xylocarpus forest | 老龄栎类次生林 Old-aged oak secondary forest | 中龄栎类次生林 Middle-aged oak secondary forest | 滇山杨次生林 Secondary Populus bonatii forest | 旱冬瓜次生林 Secondary Alnus nepalensis forest | 云南松次生林 Secondary Pinus yunnanensis forest | 厚皮香次生林 Secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera forest | |||
盖度 Coverage (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 0.006 ± 0.003b | 0a | 0a | 0.014 ± 0.005b | 0.011 ± 0.003b | <0.001a | <0.001a | 0.059 ± 0.017c | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 0.017 ± 0.008ab | 0.004 ± 0.002d | 0.009 ± 0.003b | 0.089 ± 0.030c | 0.461 ± 0.096e | 0.125 ± 0.056abc | 0.001 ± 0.001d | 0.046 ± 0.020ac | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 0.082 ± 0.039a | <0.001b | 0.002 ± 0.002bc | 0.063 ± 0.031a | 0.349 ± 0.080f | 0.015 ± 0.010cde | 0.002 ± 0.002bd | 0.042 ± 0.018ae | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 0.084 ± 0.034a | 0.003 ± 0.002b | 0.008 ± 0.003c | 0.044 ± 0.009a | 0.052 ± 0.014a | <0.001b | 0.002 ± 0.002b | 0.025 ± 0.007ac | ||
频度 Frequency (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 0.898 ± 0.519b | 0a | 0a | 2.247 ± 0.678b | 1.580 ± 0.366b | 0.089 ± 0.061a | 0.091 ± 0.062a | 9.162 ± 2.016c | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 2.221 ± 0.796a | 0.533 ± 0.211c | 2.000 ± 0.605a | 7.941 ± 2.067b | 26.998 ± 2.967d | 10.345 ± 3.773ab | 0.142 ± 0.142c | 6.477 ± 1.975ab | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 3.375 ± 1.292a | 0.027 ± 0.027b | 0.200 ± 0.200bc | 3.027 ± 1.036a | 10.352 ± 2.224e | 0.327 ± 0.140cd | 0.142 ± 0.142bd | 2.607 ± 0.878a | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 6.949 ± 2.663ac | 0.293 ± 0.193b | 1.800 ± 0.563d | 6.528 ± 0.857a | 8.093 ± 1.762a | 0.089 ± 0.089b | 0.236 ± 0.236b | 3.068 ± 0.895cd | ||
样地发生率 Occurrence in plots (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 50.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 60.000 | 73.333 | 13.333 | 13.333 | 80.000 | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 90.000 | 28.000 | 90.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 66.667 | 6.667 | 86.667 | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 70.000 | 4.000 | 10.000 | 80.000 | 80.000 | 33.333 | 6.667 | 60.000 | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 90.000 | 16.000 | 90.000 | 100.000 | 86.667 | 6.667 | 6.667 | 60.000 | ||
宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 4.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 7.556 | 5.778 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 20.889 | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 8.333 | 2.000 | 7.667 | 20.444 | 55.556 | 26.222 | 0.444 | 12.667 | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 12.333 | 0.133 | 1.000 | 9.778 | 27.556 | 1.556 | 0.444 | 6.889 | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 20.000 | 1.200 | 8.000 | 20.222 | 22.889 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 8.222 |
表1 云南哀牢山原生和次生森林群落4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布(平均值±标准误差)
Table 1 Distribution of four epiphytic cyanolichen species in primary and secondary forests in the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan (mean ± SE)
物种 Species | 森林类型 Forest type | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苔藓矮林 Dwarf mossy forest | 木果柯林 Lithocarpus xylocarpus forest | 老龄栎类次生林 Old-aged oak secondary forest | 中龄栎类次生林 Middle-aged oak secondary forest | 滇山杨次生林 Secondary Populus bonatii forest | 旱冬瓜次生林 Secondary Alnus nepalensis forest | 云南松次生林 Secondary Pinus yunnanensis forest | 厚皮香次生林 Secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera forest | |||
盖度 Coverage (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 0.006 ± 0.003b | 0a | 0a | 0.014 ± 0.005b | 0.011 ± 0.003b | <0.001a | <0.001a | 0.059 ± 0.017c | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 0.017 ± 0.008ab | 0.004 ± 0.002d | 0.009 ± 0.003b | 0.089 ± 0.030c | 0.461 ± 0.096e | 0.125 ± 0.056abc | 0.001 ± 0.001d | 0.046 ± 0.020ac | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 0.082 ± 0.039a | <0.001b | 0.002 ± 0.002bc | 0.063 ± 0.031a | 0.349 ± 0.080f | 0.015 ± 0.010cde | 0.002 ± 0.002bd | 0.042 ± 0.018ae | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 0.084 ± 0.034a | 0.003 ± 0.002b | 0.008 ± 0.003c | 0.044 ± 0.009a | 0.052 ± 0.014a | <0.001b | 0.002 ± 0.002b | 0.025 ± 0.007ac | ||
频度 Frequency (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 0.898 ± 0.519b | 0a | 0a | 2.247 ± 0.678b | 1.580 ± 0.366b | 0.089 ± 0.061a | 0.091 ± 0.062a | 9.162 ± 2.016c | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 2.221 ± 0.796a | 0.533 ± 0.211c | 2.000 ± 0.605a | 7.941 ± 2.067b | 26.998 ± 2.967d | 10.345 ± 3.773ab | 0.142 ± 0.142c | 6.477 ± 1.975ab | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 3.375 ± 1.292a | 0.027 ± 0.027b | 0.200 ± 0.200bc | 3.027 ± 1.036a | 10.352 ± 2.224e | 0.327 ± 0.140cd | 0.142 ± 0.142bd | 2.607 ± 0.878a | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 6.949 ± 2.663ac | 0.293 ± 0.193b | 1.800 ± 0.563d | 6.528 ± 0.857a | 8.093 ± 1.762a | 0.089 ± 0.089b | 0.236 ± 0.236b | 3.068 ± 0.895cd | ||
样地发生率 Occurrence in plots (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 50.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 60.000 | 73.333 | 13.333 | 13.333 | 80.000 | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 90.000 | 28.000 | 90.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 66.667 | 6.667 | 86.667 | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 70.000 | 4.000 | 10.000 | 80.000 | 80.000 | 33.333 | 6.667 | 60.000 | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 90.000 | 16.000 | 90.000 | 100.000 | 86.667 | 6.667 | 6.667 | 60.000 | ||
宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | ||||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 4.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 7.556 | 5.778 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 20.889 | ||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 8.333 | 2.000 | 7.667 | 20.444 | 55.556 | 26.222 | 0.444 | 12.667 | ||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 12.333 | 0.133 | 1.000 | 9.778 | 27.556 | 1.556 | 0.444 | 6.889 | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 20.000 | 1.200 | 8.000 | 20.222 | 22.889 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 8.222 |
树种 Tree species | 样本数 No. of trees | 粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | |||||
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis | 421 | <0.01 (0.17) | 0.48 | 0.27 (4.50) | 25.18 | 0.03 (9.50) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.17) | 0.48 | |||
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera | 397 | 0.24 (13.33) | 21.91 | 0.17 (15.33) | 11.59 | 0.18 (18.00) | 7.30 | 0.11 (5.67) | 10.08 | |||
云南松 Pinus yunnanensis | 378 | <0.01 (0.33) | 0.26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
稀有树种 Rare trees | 360 | 0.05 (9.33) | 2.78 | 0.16 (13.17) | 13.89 | 0.08 (8.67) | 4.44 | 0.08 (6.33) | 8.06 | |||
滇山杨 Populus bonatii | 358 | 0.03 (2.33) | 5.03 | 1.42 (17.67) | 68.72 | 1.24 (52.00) | 35.20 | 0.16 (3.67) | 27.65 | |||
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei | 289 | 0.04 (2.17) | 7.27 | 0.28 (6.50) | 23.88 | 0.11 (9.67) | 7.61 | 0.16 (10.00) | 24.57 | |||
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii | 280 | 0.01 (1.67) | 1.07 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (4.00) | 0.36 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.07 | |||
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina | 106 | 0.01 (0.67) | 3.77 | 0.06 (2.00) | 7.55 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 (0.67) | 6.60 | |||
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia | 96 | 0.03 (0.67) | 8.33 | 0.06 (1.33) | 7.29 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.04 | 0.02 (1.17) | 6.25 | |||
变色锥 Castanopsis wattii | 95 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.50) | 2.11 | 0.01 (0.50) | 1.05 | 0.01 (0.67) | 1.05 | |||
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum | 92 | 0.02 (1.00) | 4.35 | 0.01 (1.00) | 1.09 | 0.08 (2.33) | 9.78 | 0.16 (3.00) | 17.39 | |||
硬叶柯 Lithocarpus crassifolius | 82 | 0.02 (1.33) | 3.66 | 0.06 (1.17) | 12.20 | 0.58 (21.00) | 17.07 | 0.18 (2.17) | 21.95 | |||
南洋木荷 Schima noronhae | 76 | 0 | 0 | 0.02 (0.67) | 2.63 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.32 | |||
翅柄紫茎 Stewartia pteropetiolata | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.02 (1.33) | 1.33 | <0.01 (0.17) | 1.33 | |||
木果柯 Lithocarpus xylocarpus | 70 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.67) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.43 | |||
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0.08 (2.33) | 8.70 | 0.02 (1.00) | 2.90 | 0.07 (3.67) | 5.80 | |||
南亚枇杷 Eriobotrya bengalensis | 56 | 0.01 (0.67) | 1.79 | 0.02 (0.67) | 3.57 | 0.04 (2.00) | 3.57 | 0.01 (0.17) | 3.57 | |||
滇润楠 Machilus yunnanensis | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0.05 (0.83) | 14.58 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 (0.67) | 8.33 | |||
景东冬青 Ilex gintungensis | 46 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.17) | 2.17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
麻子壳柯 Lithocarpus variolosus | 46 | 0.02 (0.17) | 10.87 | 0.08 (0.83) | 23.91 | 0.16 (2.17) | 23.91 | 0.09 (0.83) | 23.91 | |||
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0.04 (0.83) | 6.67 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.50) | 2.22 | |||
红花木莲 Manglietia insignis | 42 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.17) | 2.38 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.33) | 2.38 | |||
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi | 37 | 0.04 (0.67) | 8.11 | 0.03 (0.33) | 8.11 | 0.24 (4.67) | 18.92 | 0.67 (6.67) | 27.03 | |||
小花山茶 Camellia forrestii | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表2 云南哀牢山原生和次生森林群落不同宿主上4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布
Table 2 Distribution of four epiphytic cyanolichen species on different hosts in primary and secondary forests in the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan
树种 Tree species | 样本数 No. of trees | 粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%) | |||||
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis | 421 | <0.01 (0.17) | 0.48 | 0.27 (4.50) | 25.18 | 0.03 (9.50) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.17) | 0.48 | |||
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera | 397 | 0.24 (13.33) | 21.91 | 0.17 (15.33) | 11.59 | 0.18 (18.00) | 7.30 | 0.11 (5.67) | 10.08 | |||
云南松 Pinus yunnanensis | 378 | <0.01 (0.33) | 0.26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
稀有树种 Rare trees | 360 | 0.05 (9.33) | 2.78 | 0.16 (13.17) | 13.89 | 0.08 (8.67) | 4.44 | 0.08 (6.33) | 8.06 | |||
滇山杨 Populus bonatii | 358 | 0.03 (2.33) | 5.03 | 1.42 (17.67) | 68.72 | 1.24 (52.00) | 35.20 | 0.16 (3.67) | 27.65 | |||
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei | 289 | 0.04 (2.17) | 7.27 | 0.28 (6.50) | 23.88 | 0.11 (9.67) | 7.61 | 0.16 (10.00) | 24.57 | |||
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii | 280 | 0.01 (1.67) | 1.07 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (4.00) | 0.36 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.07 | |||
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina | 106 | 0.01 (0.67) | 3.77 | 0.06 (2.00) | 7.55 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 (0.67) | 6.60 | |||
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia | 96 | 0.03 (0.67) | 8.33 | 0.06 (1.33) | 7.29 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.04 | 0.02 (1.17) | 6.25 | |||
变色锥 Castanopsis wattii | 95 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.50) | 2.11 | 0.01 (0.50) | 1.05 | 0.01 (0.67) | 1.05 | |||
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum | 92 | 0.02 (1.00) | 4.35 | 0.01 (1.00) | 1.09 | 0.08 (2.33) | 9.78 | 0.16 (3.00) | 17.39 | |||
硬叶柯 Lithocarpus crassifolius | 82 | 0.02 (1.33) | 3.66 | 0.06 (1.17) | 12.20 | 0.58 (21.00) | 17.07 | 0.18 (2.17) | 21.95 | |||
南洋木荷 Schima noronhae | 76 | 0 | 0 | 0.02 (0.67) | 2.63 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.32 | |||
翅柄紫茎 Stewartia pteropetiolata | 75 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.02 (1.33) | 1.33 | <0.01 (0.17) | 1.33 | |||
木果柯 Lithocarpus xylocarpus | 70 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.67) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.43 | <0.01 (0.33) | 1.43 | |||
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium | 69 | 0 | 0 | 0.08 (2.33) | 8.70 | 0.02 (1.00) | 2.90 | 0.07 (3.67) | 5.80 | |||
南亚枇杷 Eriobotrya bengalensis | 56 | 0.01 (0.67) | 1.79 | 0.02 (0.67) | 3.57 | 0.04 (2.00) | 3.57 | 0.01 (0.17) | 3.57 | |||
滇润楠 Machilus yunnanensis | 48 | 0 | 0 | 0.05 (0.83) | 14.58 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 (0.67) | 8.33 | |||
景东冬青 Ilex gintungensis | 46 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.17) | 2.17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
麻子壳柯 Lithocarpus variolosus | 46 | 0.02 (0.17) | 10.87 | 0.08 (0.83) | 23.91 | 0.16 (2.17) | 23.91 | 0.09 (0.83) | 23.91 | |||
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia | 45 | 0 | 0 | 0.04 (0.83) | 6.67 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.50) | 2.22 | |||
红花木莲 Manglietia insignis | 42 | 0 | 0 | <0.01 (0.17) | 2.38 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 (0.33) | 2.38 | |||
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi | 37 | 0.04 (0.67) | 8.11 | 0.03 (0.33) | 8.11 | 0.24 (4.67) | 18.92 | 0.67 (6.67) | 27.03 | |||
小花山茶 Camellia forrestii | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
地衣物种 Lichen species | 参数 Variable | 林龄 Stand age | 林冠开阔度 Canopy openness | 基面积 Basal area | 胸径 DBH | 最大胸径 Max DBH | 树木密度 Tree density | 树种丰富度 Tree richness | 树种辛普森指数 Tree Simpson index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
线性回归分析 Single linear regression | |||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.05** | 0.03* | 0.16*** | 0.09*** | 0.28*** | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.07** | 0.03* | 0.20*** | 0.11*** | 0.44*** | ||||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.07** | 0.03* | 0.06** | 0.05* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.12*** | 0.05** | 0.09*** | 0.03* | 0.07** | ||||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 盖度 Coverage | 0.03* | 0.07** | 0.07** | 0.06** | 0.05** | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.04* | 0.08*** | 0.07** | ||||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 盖度 Coverage | 0.08** | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.03* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.10*** | 0.06** | 0.03* | 0.06** | |||||
多项式回归分析 Polynomial regression | |||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.12*** | 0.13*** | 0.31*** | 0.14*** | 0.30*** | 0.04* | ||
频度 Frequency | 0.16*** | 0.18*** | 0.40*** | 0.18*** | 0.43*** | 0.08** | |||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.07** | 0.05* | 0.07** | 0.04* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.12*** | 0.13*** | 0.09** | 0.07** | |||||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 盖度 Coverage | 0.04* | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.05* | 0.05* | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.04* | 0.12*** | 0.03* | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.05* | 0.04* | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 盖度 Coverage | 0.20*** | 0.08** | 0.04* | 0.12*** | 0.04* | 0.04* | ||
频度 Frequency | 0.25*** | 0.09** | 0.05* | 0.14*** | 0.05** | 0.07** |
表3 云南哀牢山原生和次生森林群落4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布与生境因子的回归分析(R2adj.)
Table 3 Regression analysis (R2adj.) between four epiphytic cyanolichen species and habitat variables in primary and secondary forests in the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan
地衣物种 Lichen species | 参数 Variable | 林龄 Stand age | 林冠开阔度 Canopy openness | 基面积 Basal area | 胸径 DBH | 最大胸径 Max DBH | 树木密度 Tree density | 树种丰富度 Tree richness | 树种辛普森指数 Tree Simpson index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
线性回归分析 Single linear regression | |||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.05** | 0.03* | 0.16*** | 0.09*** | 0.28*** | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.07** | 0.03* | 0.20*** | 0.11*** | 0.44*** | ||||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.07** | 0.03* | 0.06** | 0.05* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.12*** | 0.05** | 0.09*** | 0.03* | 0.07** | ||||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 盖度 Coverage | 0.03* | 0.07** | 0.07** | 0.06** | 0.05** | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.04* | 0.08*** | 0.07** | ||||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 盖度 Coverage | 0.08** | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.03* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.10*** | 0.06** | 0.03* | 0.06** | |||||
多项式回归分析 Polynomial regression | |||||||||
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.12*** | 0.13*** | 0.31*** | 0.14*** | 0.30*** | 0.04* | ||
频度 Frequency | 0.16*** | 0.18*** | 0.40*** | 0.18*** | 0.43*** | 0.08** | |||
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum | 盖度 Coverage | 0.07** | 0.05* | 0.07** | 0.04* | ||||
频度 Frequency | 0.12*** | 0.13*** | 0.09** | 0.07** | |||||
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera | 盖度 Coverage | 0.04* | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.05* | 0.05* | |||
频度 Frequency | 0.04* | 0.12*** | 0.03* | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.05* | 0.04* | ||
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata | 盖度 Coverage | 0.20*** | 0.08** | 0.04* | 0.12*** | 0.04* | 0.04* | ||
频度 Frequency | 0.25*** | 0.09** | 0.05* | 0.14*** | 0.05** | 0.07** |
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