[an error occurred while processing this directive]

Plant Diversity ›› 2008, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (04): 405-421.DOI: 10.3724 SP.J.1143.2008.07268

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国无患子科的叶表皮特征及其系统学意义

曹丽敏1 , 2, 夏念和1   

  1. 1 中国科学院华南植物园经济植物研究所, 广东广州 510650; 2 衡阳师范学院生命科学系,
    湖南衡阳 421008; 3 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-15 出版日期:2008-08-25 发布日期:2008-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 夏念和

Structural Characters of Leaf Epidermis and Their Systematic Significance in Sapindaceae from China

CAO Li-Min1 , 2 , XIA Nian-He1   

  1. 1 Institute of Economic Botany , South China Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650 , China ;
    2 Department of Life Sciences , Hengyang Normal University , Hengyang 421008 , China ;
    3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 , China
  • Received:2007-11-15 Online:2008-08-25 Published:2008-08-25
  • Contact: XIA Nian-He

摘要:

在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下, 对狭义无患子科25 属33 种植物以及七叶树科2 种植物和槭树科2 属4 种植物的叶表皮特征进行了观察, 发现这三科植物叶表皮细胞形状为多边形或无规则形, 垂周壁一般为平直、弓形或浅波状。气孔器主要有6 种类型, 通常仅分布在下表皮( 倒地铃Cardiospermum halicacabum 和伞花木Eurycorymbus cavaleriei 偶尔可在上表皮观察到) , 除无规则型( 如波叶异木患Allophylus caudatu、掌叶木Handeliodendron bodinieri、茶条木Delavaya toxocarpa 等16 种) 最为常见外, 辐射型( 细子龙Amesiodendron chinense、七叶树Aesculus chinensis、金钱槭Dipteronia sinensis 等11 种) 和环列型( 如龙眼Dimocarpus longan、荔枝Litchi chinensis、韶子Nephelium chryseum 等6 种) 也较为普遍, 短平列型( 赛木患Aphania oligophylla、绒毛番龙眼Pometia tomentosa、干果木Xerospermum bonii、假山萝Harpullia cupaniodes) 和十字型( 广西檀栗Pavieasia kwangsiensis) 仅在少数几属中出现, 不等细胞型仅出现在倒地铃Cardiospermum halicacabum 中。在扫描电镜下, 角质层多具有条纹、鳞片或颗粒等特征; 三科植物的气孔外拱盖内缘大多为浅波状。本文试图通过对三科的叶表皮特征, 尤其是气孔器类型等形态特征的观察, 寻求有意义的叶表皮性状, 为进一步探讨无患子科尤其是掌叶木属、茶条木属与七叶树科乃至与槭树科亲缘关系提供资料。研究结果从叶表皮特征的角度说明了这三个科在系统上的密切联系。

关键词: 无患子科, 七叶树科, 槭树科, 叶表皮, 系统学意义

Abstract:

Leaf epidermis of 33 species representing 25 genera of Sapindaceae, 2 species of Hippocastanaceae and 4 species of 2 genera of Aceraceae was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shapes of leaf epidermal cells of these three families are usually polygonal or irregular ; the patterns of anticlinal walls are straight , arched or sinuolate . The stomatal apparatuses, only present on the abaxial epidermis for all sampled species ( except for Cardiospermum halicacabum and Eurycorymbus cavaleriei), can be assigned into six types. The anomocytic type, occurring in 16 species ( Allophylus caudate, Handeliodendron bodinieri, and Delavaya toxocarpa , etc .) is very common; the actinocytic type, occurring in 11 species ( Amesiodendron chinense, Aesculus chinensis, Dipteronia sinensis, etc .), and the cyclocytic type , occurring in 6 species ( Dimocarpus longan, Litchi chinensis, Nephelium chryseum) are comparatively common; whereas the other three types can be considered diagnostic of several genera, such as hemiparacytic type for Aphania oligophylla, Pometia tomentosa and Xerospermum bonii , Harpullia cupaniodes, staurocytic type mainly for Pavieasia kwangsiensis, and anisocytic type only for Cardiospermum halicacabum. Under SEM the cuticular layer of the leaf epidermis is striated, scaly or granular; the inner margin of outer stomatal rim of most species of these three families is undulate . The close relationships among Sapindaceae , Hippocastanaceae and Aceraceae are supported by the evidence from leaf epidermis .

Key words: Sapindaceae

中图分类号: