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Plant Diversity ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (02): 103-113.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1143.2010.09221

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国藓类植物无性繁殖体的初步观察

裴林英1,2,刘倩1 ,贾渝2,王幼芳1   

  1. 1 华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062; 2 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京100093
  • 收稿日期:2009-11-11 出版日期:2010-04-25 发布日期:2010-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 贾渝,王幼芳

Observations on the Asexual Diaspores of Mosses in China

PEI LinYing1,2, LIU Qian1, JIA Yu2, WANG YouFang1   

  1. 1 School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; 2State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
  • Received:2009-11-11 Online:2010-04-25 Published:2010-06-29
  • Contact: JIA Yu, WANG YouFang

摘要: 无性生殖在苔藓植物的生活史中起着重要的作用,并且常通过各种无性繁殖体来完成。无性繁殖体的形态常被用来辅助鉴定一些不育的藓类植物。本文通过对38种藓类植物的无性繁殖体进行显微观察,结果显示:无性繁殖体在不同的藓类植物之间已经过多次演化;无性繁殖体的形态在种内是相对稳定的,且与其着生位置、配子体的分枝方式密切相关,而与植物的系统位置以及生境并无直接的关系;无性繁殖体的颜色与其胞壁的厚度以及表面纹饰密切相关。此外,无性繁殖体的产生常常与假根、原丝体有共存关系。在研究中发现,藓类植物的无性繁殖体主要包括原丝体芽胞、无性芽胞(叶生芽胞、中肋芽胞、枝生芽胞)、芽体、假根芽胞和假根状块茎;其中原丝体芽胞和无性芽胞最为常见。

关键词: 藓类植物;无性繁殖体;原丝体芽胞;芽胞;芽体;假根芽胞;假根状块茎

Abstract: Asexual reproduction plays an important role in the life cycle of bryophytes. Usually, mosses complete their asexual reproduction by different diaspores. The morphology of asexual diaspore has been commonly used for delimiting sterile mosses. In the present paper, asexual diaspores of 38 gemmiferous mosses were observed under light microscope. The results showed that the asexual diaspores have evolved several times independently in different moss lineages. The morphology of asexual diaspore is generally stable within species, and is closely related to its growing position and branching mode of gametophyte, but not to phylogenetic positions of the plants and their habitats. The color of diaspore is determined by the thickness of the diasporal wall and its ornamentation on the surface. In addition, the asexual diaspores often coexist with rhizoids or protonemata. In this study, asexual diaspores include protonemal gemmae and gemmae (laminar gemmae, costal gemmae, stem gemmae), bulbils, rhizoidal tubers and rhizoidal gemmae. Among them, protonemal gemmae and gemmae are the commonest asexual diaspores.

Key words: Asexual diaspores

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