濒危植物羊角槭小孢子发生与雄配子体发育研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2012.11175

Plant Diversity ›› 2012, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 339-.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1143.2012.11175

濒危植物羊角槭小孢子发生与雄配子体发育研究

许小连1、3, 金荷仙1、2, 陈香波3

1 浙江农林大学园林学院，浙江临安311300；2《中国园林》杂志社，北京100835；3 上海市园林科学研究所，上海
200232；4 中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心，上海201602；5 中国科学院上海植物生理生态研究所，上海200032

收稿日期:2011-12-01 出版日期:2012-08-25 发布日期:2012-04-05
基金资助:
上海市绿化与市容管理局辰山植物园专项“几种濒危植物致濒机制与种质资源保护研究” (G102406)

Studies on the Formation of Microspores and Development of Male Gametophyte in Acer yanjuechi (Aceraceae)

XU Xiao-Lian-1、3, JIN He-Xian-1、2, CHEN Xiang-Bo-3

1 School of Landscape & Architecture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China; 2 Editorial Office of Chinese Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100835, China; 3 Shanghai Landscape Gardening Research Institute, Shanghai 200232, China; 4 Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China; 5 Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

Received:2011-12-01 Online:2012-08-25 Published:2012-04-05
Supported by:
上海市绿化与市容管理局辰山植物园专项“几种濒危植物致濒机制与种质资源保护研究” (G102406)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用常规石蜡切片法对羊角槭的小孢子发生及配子体发育进行了研究，结果表明：羊角槭花分两性花与雄花，两性花花药不散粉，雄花散粉；花药具四个花粉囊，其发育类型为基本型；药室内壁呈纤维状加厚；绒毡层为腺质型；孢质分裂为同时型；小孢子四分体呈四面体形排列；成熟花粉粒为二细胞型。羊角槭花药发育过程中出现严重败育现象，表现为四分体胼胝质提早溶解、单核小孢子彼此粘连、花粉液泡化等，形成干瘪、内陷的花粉，一定程度上影响花粉质量；另初步测得羊角槭的花粉生活力在36.98%~60.54%之间，平均生活力为45.97%。本文将为羊角槭花药发育、小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程及出现的异常现象提供解剖学资料。

关键词: 濒危植物, 羊角槭, 减数分裂, 小孢子发生, 雄配子体发育

Abstract:

Acer yanjuechi is on the extremely endangered situation. This paper studied the formation of microspores and development of male gametophyte in Acer yanjuechi by using paraffin method to find the cause. The results are as follows: there are two kinds of flowers in Acer yanjuechi, bisexual flower and male flower. The stamens of male flowers could dehisce, but bisexual ones could not. Four pollen sacs make up one anther. The anther wall is of ground form. The endothercium develops fibular thickenings, and the tapetum is of the glandular type. The cytokinesis of the microspore mother cells in meiosis is of the simultaneous type. The microspore tetrads is of tetrahedral, and pollen grains are twocelled when mature. In the whole development of anthers, pollen abortions appear constantly and make pollens shriveled and embolic. The reasons are following: the callose dissolve ahead of time, nucleus microspore adhere to each other, anthers become vacuolating, and so on, which maybe one of the causes of being in danger of Acer yanjuechi. Pollen viability was detected initially, ranging from 36.98% to 60.54%, and the average is 45.97%. This article laid the foundation of anatomical data about Acer yanjuechi in the formation of microspores and development of male gametophyte.

Key words: Endangered plant, Acer yanjuechi, Cytokinesis, Microsporogenesis, Male gametophyte

中图分类号:

Q 944.45

许小连1、3, 金荷仙1、2, 陈香波3. 濒危植物羊角槭小孢子发生与雄配子体发育研究[J]. Plant Diversity, 2012, 34(4): 339-.

XU Xiao-Lian-, JIN He-Xian-, CHEN Xiang-Bo. Studies on the Formation of Microspores and Development of Male Gametophyte in Acer yanjuechi (Aceraceae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2012, 34(4): 339-.

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濒危植物羊角槭小孢子发生与雄配子体发育研究

Studies on the Formation of Microspores and Development of Male Gametophyte in Acer yanjuechi (Aceraceae)

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