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Plant Diversity ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (02): 245-253.DOI: 10.7677/ynzwyj201413081

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶芽花芽需热量差异导致植物先花后叶

 郭梁1、2, Eike LUEDELING3, 戴君虎4, 许建初1、5   

  1. 1 中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术重点室,云南 昆明650201;2 中国科学院大学,北京100049;
    3 世界农用林业中心,肯尼亚 内罗毕00100;4 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
    5 世界农用林业中心东亚分部,云南 昆明650201
  • 收稿日期:2013-04-08 出版日期:2014-03-25 发布日期:2013-07-10
  • 基金资助:

    The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31270524)

Differences in Heat Requirements of Flower and Leaf Buds Make  Hysteranthous Trees Bloom before Leaf Unfolding

 GUO  Liang-1、2, Eike  LUEDELING3, DAI  Jun-Hu-4, XU  Jian-Chu-1、5   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming
    650201, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3 World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
    00100, Kenya; 4 Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
    Beijing 100101, China; 5 World Agroforestry Centre, East Asia Node, Kunming 650201, China
  • Received:2013-04-08 Online:2014-03-25 Published:2013-07-10
  • Supported by:

    The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31270524)

摘要:

为探究植物先花后叶的影响因素,本研究以1963-1988年间北京地区杏和山桃展叶和始花物候资料及相应的日最高、最低温度数据为基础,利用偏最小二乘回归法确定杏和山桃叶芽及花芽的需冷期和需热期,进而利用动态模型和生长度小时模型分别估算叶芽和花芽的需冷和需热量。结果表明,依据长期物候观测资料,利用偏最小二乘回归法进行植物需冷和需热量的估算非常有效。先花后叶植物叶芽和花芽需冷量几乎相同,需热量的差异是导致植物先花后叶的主要原因。杏和山桃花芽的需热量分别为28297±8762和14572±5812生长度小时,而相应叶芽需热量却是花芽的两倍之多。基于物候观测的重要性及实用性,中国物种水平上的地面观测应得到进一步深入发展。

关键词: 先花后叶植物, 需冷量, 需热量, 叶芽, 花芽

Abstract:

To clarify which agroclimatic requirements control the sequential occurrence of flowering and leaf unfolding in hysteranthous plants, Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression analysis was used to identify the chilling and forcing period of leaf and flower buds. The Dynamic Model and the Growing Degree Hour Model were applied to estimate the chilling and heat requirement for leaf unfolding and flowering, based on the phenological records of apricot and mountain peach and daily maximum and minimum temperature data in Beijing during 1963-1988. The results indicated that PLS regression analysis is a useful approach to calculate the chilling and heat requirements of plants when long term phenological observations are available. Leaf and flower buds were found to have similar chilling requirements but different heat requirements, which explained the earlier occurrence of flowering compared to leaf unfolding. The heat requirements of flower buds of apricot and mountain peach were 28297±8762 and 14572±5812 Growing Degree Hours, respectively, while heat requirements of vegetative buds were almost twice as high. In view of the importance and usefulness of phenological observations, specieslevel ground observations in China should be continued and extended.

Key words: Hysteranthous plant, Chilling requirement, Heat requirement, Leaf bud, Flower bud

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