Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

doi:10.1016/j.pld.2017.09.004

Plant Diversity ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04): 161-166.DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2017.09.004

• Articles • 下一篇

Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

Hang Sun^a, Jianwen Zhang^a, Tao Deng^a, David E. Boufford^b

a Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China;
b Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-2020, USA

收稿日期:2017-09-04 修回日期:2017-09-18 出版日期:2017-08-25 发布日期:2021-11-05
通讯作者: Hang Sun, David E. Boufford
基金资助:
Preparation of this paper was funded by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31590823 to H.S.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0505200 to H.S.), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370004 and 31570213 to J.W.Z., 31700165 to T.D.) and CAS ‘Light of West China’ Program to T.D. We are indebted to Dr. J.H. Chen for providing useful information.

Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

Hang Sun^a, Jianwen Zhang^a, Tao Deng^a, David E. Boufford^b

a Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China;
b Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-2020, USA

Received:2017-09-04 Revised:2017-09-18 Online:2017-08-25 Published:2021-11-05
Contact: Hang Sun, David E. Boufford
Supported by:
Preparation of this paper was funded by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31590823 to H.S.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0505200 to H.S.), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370004 and 31570213 to J.W.Z., 31700165 to T.D.) and CAS ‘Light of West China’ Program to T.D. We are indebted to Dr. J.H. Chen for providing useful information.

摘要/Abstract

Hang Sun, Jianwen Zhang, Tao Deng, David E. Boufford. Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China[J]. Plant Diversity, 2017, 39(04): 161-166.

Bao, S.Y., Mao, P.Y., Yuan, S.X., 1998. A Brief History of Plant Collection in Yunnan(1919-1950). Scientific & Technology Press, Beijing.
Blöch, C., Dickoré, W.B., Samuel, R., et al., 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the edelweiss(Leontopodium, Asteraceaee-Gnaphalieae). Edinb. J. Bot. 67, 235-264.
Chen, S., Xia, T., Wang, Y., et al., 2005a. Molecular systematics and biogeography of Crawfurdia, Metagentiana and Tripterospermum (Gentianaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal and plastid DNA sequences. Ann. Bot. 96, 413-424.
Chen, S.T., Guan, K.Y., Zhou, Z.K., et al., 2005b. Molecular phylogeny of Incarvillea(Bignoniaceae) based on ITS and trnL-F sequences. Am. J. Bot. 92, 625-633.
Chen, S.Y., Wu, G.L., Zhang, D.J., et al., 2008. Molecular phylogeography of alpine plant Metagentiana striata (Gentianaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 46, 573-585.
Chen, J.H., Sun, H., Wen, J., et al., 2010. Molecular phylogeny of Salix L. (Salicaceae) inferred from three chloroplast datasets and its systematic implications. Taxon 59, 29-37.
Chen, Y.S., Meseguer, A.S., Godefroid, M., et al., 2017a. Out-of-India dispersal of Paliurus(Rhamnaceae) indicated by combined molecular phylogenetic and fossil evidence. Taxon 66, 78-90.
Chen, J.G., Li, Y.B., Yang, Y., et al., 2017b. How cushion communities are maintained in alpine ecosystem:A review and case study on alpine cushion plant reproduction.Plant Divers. 39, 221-228.
Cun, Y.Z., Wang, X.Q., 2015. Phylogeography and evolution of three closely related species of Tsuga (hemlock) from subtropical eastern Asia:further insights into speciation of conifers. J. Biogeogr. 42, 315-327.
Deng, T., Nie, Z.L., Drew, B.T., et al., 2015. Does the Arcto-Tertiary biogeographic hypothesis explain the disjunct distribution of Northern Hemisphere herbaceous plants? The case of Meehania (Lamiaceae). PLoS One 10, e0117171.
Ebersbach, J., Muellner-Riehl, A.N., Michalak, I., et al., 2017. In and out of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:divergence time estimation and historical biogeography of the large arctic-alpine genus Saxifraga L. J. Biogeogr. 44, 900-910.
Fan, D.M., Chen, J.H., Meng, Y., et al., 2013a. Molecular phylogeny of Koenigia L. (Polygonaceae:Persicarieae):implications for classification, character evolution and biogeography. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 69, 1093-1100.
Fan, D.M., Yue, J.P., Nie, Z.L., et al., 2013b. Phylogeography of Sophora davidii (Leguminosae) across the 'Tanaka-Kaiyong line', an important phytogeographic boundary in Southwest China. Mol. Ecol. 22, 4270-4288.
Favre, A., Päckert, M., Pauls, S.U., et al., 2015. The role of the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for the evolution of Tibetan biotas. Biol. Rev. 90, 236-253.
Favre, A., Michalak, I., Chen, C.H., et al., 2016. Out-of-Tibet:the spatio-temporal evolution of Gentiana (Gentianaceae). J. Biogeogr. 43, 1967-1978.
Gao, Q., Zhang, D., Duan, Y., et al., 2012. Intraspecific divergences of Rhodiola alsia(Crassulaceae) based on plastid DNA and internal transcribed spacer fragments.Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 168, 204-215.
Hauenschild, F., Favre, A., Schnitzler, J., et al., 2017. Spatio-temporal evolution of Allium L. in the Qinghai-Tibet-Plateau region:immigration and in situ radiation.Plant Divers. 39, 167-179.
Hou, Y., Bjorå, C.S., Ikeda, H., et al., 2016. From the north into the HimalayaneHengduan Mountains:fossil-calibrated phylogenetic and biogeographical inference in the arctic-alpine genus Diapensia (Diapensiaceae). J.Biogeogr. 43, 1502-1513.
Jabbour, F., Renner, S.S., 2012. A phylogeny of Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae) shows that Aconitum is nested within Delphinium and that Late Miocene transitions to long life cycles in the Himalayas and Southwest China coincide with bursts in diversification. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 62, 928-942.
Kilpatrick, J., 2014. Fathers of Botany:the Discovery of Chinese Plants by European Missionaries. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.
Kim, C., Deng, T., Wen, J., et al., 2015. Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of Deutzia (Hydrangeaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 87, 91-104.
Kubitzki, K., Krutzsch, W., 1996. Origins of east and south east Asian plant diversity.In:Zhang, A.L.,Wu, S.G. (Eds.), Floristic Characteristics and Diversity of East Asia Plants, Proceeding of the First International Symposium on Floristic Characteristics and Diversity of East Asian Plants. China Higher Education Press, Beijing, pp. 56-70.
Li, B.Y., 1989. Geomorphologic regionalization of the Hengduan Mountainous region.J. Mt. Res. 7, 13-20 (in Chinese).
Li, X.W., Li, J., 1993. A preliminary floristic study on the seed plants from the region of Hengduan Mountain. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 15, 217-231.
Li, X.H., Sun, H., 2017. Phylogenetic pattern of alpine plants along latitude and longitude in Hengduan Mountains Region. Plant Divers. 39, 37-43.
Li, C., Shimono, A., Shen, H., et al., 2010. Phylogeography of Potentilla fruticosa, an alpine shrub on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. J. Plant Ecol. 3, 9-15.
Li, Y., Zhai, S.N., Qiu, Y.X., et al., 2011. Glacial survival east and west of the ‘Mekong-Salween Divide’ in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region as revealed by AFLPs and cpDNA sequence variation in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Berberidaceae).Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 59, 412-424.
Li, G.D., Kim, C., Zha, H.G., et al., 2014a. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the arctic-alpine genus Lagotis (Plantaginaceae). Taxon 63, 103-115.
Li, X.H., Zhu, X.X., Niu, Y., et al., 2014b. Phylogenetic clustering and overdispersion for alpine plants along elevational gradient in the Hengduan Mountains region, southwest China. J. Syst. Evol. 52, 280-288.
Li, X.H., Liu, L., Gu, X., et al., 2017. Heavy collecting induced smaller deeper Fritillaria cirrhosae Bulbus in the wild. Plant Divers. 39, 208-213.
Liao, R.L., Ma, Y.P., Gong, W.C., et al., 2015. Natural hybridization and asymmetric introgression at the distribution margin of two Buddleja species with a large overlap. BMC Plant Biol. 15, 1-11.
Liu, J.Q., Duan, Y.W., Hao, G., et al., 2014. Evolutionary history and underlying adaptation of alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. J. Syst. Evol. 52, 241-249.
Lu, Z.Q., Tian, B., Liu, B.B., et al., 2014. Origin of Ostryopsis intermedia (Betulaceae) in the southeast QinghaieTibet Plateau through hybrid speciation. J. Syst. Evol. 52, 250-259.
Luo, D., Yue, J.P., Sun, W.G., et al., 2016. Evolutionary history of the subnival flora of the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains:first insights from comparative phylogeography of four perennial herbs. J. Biogeogr. 43, 31-43.
Ma, Y.P., Milne, R.I., Zhang, C., et al., 2010a. Unusual patterns of hybridization involving a narrow endemic Rhododendron species (Ericaceae) in Yunnan, China. Am. J. Bot. 97, 1749-1757.
Ma, Y.P., Zhang, C.Q., Zhang, J.L., et al., 2010b. Natural hybridization between Rhododendron delavayi and R. cyanocarpum (Ericaceae), from morphological, molecular and reproductive evidence. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 52, 844-851.
Ma, Y.P., Tian, X.L., Zhang, J.L., et al., 2014. Evidence for natural hybridization between Primula beesiana and P. bulleyana, two heterostylous primroses in NW Yunnan, China. J. Syst. Evol. 52, 500-507.
Mao, L.F., Chen, S.B., Zhang, J.L., et al., 2013. Vascular plant diversity on the roof of the world:spatial patterns and environmental determinants. J. Syst. Evol. 51, 371-381.
Matuszak, S., Muellner-Riehl, A.N., Sun, H., et al., 2015. Dispersal routes between biodiversity hotspots in Asia:the case of the mountain genus Tripterospermum(Gentianinae, Gentianaceae) and its close relatives. J. Biogeogr. 43, 580-590.
Mello-Silva, R., Santos, D.Y.A.C., Salatino, M.L.F., et al., 2011. Five vicarious genera from Gondwana:the Velloziaceae as shown by molecules and morphology.Ann. Bot. 108, 87-102.
Meng, L., Yang, R., Abbott, R.J., et al., 2007. Mitochondrial and chloroplast phylogeography of Picea crassifolia Kom. (Pinaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent highlands. Mol. Ecol. 16, 4128-4137.
Meng, Y., Wen, J., Nie, Z.L., et al., 2008. Phylogeny and biogeographic diversification of Maianthemum (Ruscaceae:Polygonatae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 49, 424-434.
Milne, R., Davies, C., Prickett, R., et al., 2010. Phylogeny of Rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes based on chloroplast DNA markers:between-lineage hybridisation during adaptive radiation? Plant Syst. Evol. 285, 233-244.
Nie, Z.L., Deng, T., Meng, Y., et al., 2013a. Post-Boreotropical dispersals explain the pantropical disjunction in Paederia (Rubiaceae). Ann. Bot. 111, 873-886.
Nie, Z.L., Funk, V., Sun, H., et al., 2013b. Molecular phylogeny of Anaphalis (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) with biogeographic implications in the Northern Hemisphere.J. Plant Res. 126, 17-32.
Ning, H., Yu, J.J., Gong, X., et al., 2017. Bidirectional natural hybridization between sympatric Ligularia vellerea and L. subspicata. Plant Divers. 39, 214-220.
Niu, Y., Gong, Q.B., Peng, D.L., et al., 2017. Function of male and hermaphroditic flowers and size-dependent gender diphasy of Lloydia oxycarpa (Liliaceae) from Hengduan Mountains. Plant Divers. 39, 187-193.
Opgenoorth, L., Vendramin, G.G., Mao, K., et al., 2010. Tree endurance on the Tibetan Plateau marks the world's highest known tree line of the Last Glacial Maximum.New Phytol. 185, 332-342.
Peng, D.L., Chen, Z., Hu, X.J., et al., 2017. Seed dormancy and germination characteristics of two Rheum species in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. Plant Divers. 39, 180-186.
Qiu, Y.X., Guan, B.C., Fu, C.X., et al., 2009. Did glacials and/or interglacials promote allopatric incipient speciation in East Asian temperate plants? Phylogeographic and coalescent analyses on refugial isolation and divergence in Dysosma versipellis.Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 51, 281-293.
Qiu, Y.X., Fu, C.X., Comes, H.P., 2011. Plant molecular phylogeography in China and adjacent regions:tracing the genetic imprints of Quaternary climate and environmental change in the world's most diverse temperate flora. Mol. Phylogenet.Evol. 59, 225-244.
Safer, S., Tremetsberger, K., Guo, Y.P., et al., 2011. Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Leontopodium (Asteraceae:Gnaphalieae) based on AFLP data. Bot. J.Linn. Soc. 165, 364-377.
Shimono, A., Ueno, S., Gu, S., et al., 2010. Range shifts of Potentilla fruticosa on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during glacial and interglacial periods revealed by chloroplast DNA sequence variation. Heredity 104, 534-542.
Sun, H., 2002. Tethys retreat and Himalayas-Hengduanshan Mountains uplift and their significance on the origin and development of the Sino-Himalayan elements and alpine flora. Acta Bot. Yunnanica 24, 273-288.
Sun, H., 2013. Phytogeographical regions of China. In:Hong, D.Y., Blackmore, S.(Eds.), Plants of China (A Companion to the Flora of China). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 176-204.
Sun, H., Li, Z.M., 2003. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau uplift and its impact on Tethys flora.Adv. Earth Sci. 18, 852-862.
Sun, H., McLewin, W., Fay, M.F., 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Helleborus (Ranunculaceae), with an emphasis on the East Asian-Mediterranean disjunction. Taxon 50, 1001-1018.
Sun, Y., Abbott, R.J., Li, L., et al., 2014. Evolutionary history of purple cone spruce(Picea purpurea) in the QinghaieTibet Plateau:homoploid hybrid origin and Pleistocene expansion. Mol. Ecol. 23, 343-359.
Sun,W.G., Ma, X.G., Zhang, J.W., et al., 2017. Karyotypes of nineteen species of Asteraceae in the Hengduan Mountains and adjacent regions. Plant Divers. 39, 194-201.
Takhtajan, A., 1986. Floristic Regions of the World. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Tao, J.R., Zhou, Z.K., Liu, Y.S., 2000. The Evolution of the Late Cretaceous-Cenozonic Floras in China. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
Tiffney, B.H., Manchester, S.R., 2001. The use of geological and paleontological evidence in evaluating plant phylogeographic hypotheses in the Northern Hemisphere Tertiary. Int. J. Plant Sci. 162, S3.
Tu, T., Volis, S., Dillon, M.O., et al., 2010. Dispersals of Hyoscyameae and Mandragoreae(Solanaceae) from the New World to Eurasia in the early Miocene and their biogeographic diversification within Eurasia. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 57, 1226-1237.
Wang, X.R., Szmidt, A.O., 2001. Genetic composition and diploid hybrid speciation of a high mountain pine, Pinus densata, native to the Tibetan plateau. Genetics 159, 337-346.
Wang,W.T.,Wu, S.G., Lang, K.Y., et al., 1993. Vascular Plants of the Hengduan Mountains.In:Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledoneae (Saururacea to Cornaceae), vol. 1. Science Press, Beijing.
Wang,W.T.,Wu, S.G., Lang, K.Y., et al., 1994. Vascular Plants of the Hengduan Mountains.In:Dicotyledoneae (Diapensiaceae to Asteraceae) to Monocotyledoneae(Typhaceae to Orchidaceae), vol. 2. Science Press, Beijing.
Wang, Y.J., Li, X.J., Hao, G., et al., 2004. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Androsace (Primulaceae) and the convergent evolution of cushion morphology.Acta Phytotaxon. Sin. 42, 481-499.
Wang, Y.J., Liu, J.Q., Miehe, G., 2007. Phylogenetic origins of the Himalayan endemic Dolomiaea, Diplazoptilon and Xanthopappus (Asteraceae:Cardueae) based on three DNA regions. Ann. Bot. 99, 311-322.
Wang, A., Schluetz, F., Liu, J., 2008. Molecular evidence for double maternal origins of the diploid hybrid Hippophae goniocarpa (Elaeagnaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 156, 111-118.
Wang, L., Abbott, R.J., Zheng,W., et al., 2009a. History and evolution of alpine plants endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau:Aconitum gymnandrum (Ranunculaceae).Mol. Ecol. 18, 709-721.
Wang, Y., Liu, Y.F., Liu, S.B., et al., 2009b. Molecular phylogeny of Myricaria (Tamaricaceae):implications for taxonomy and conservation in China. Bot. Stud. 50, 343-352.
Wang, Q., Liu, J., Allen, G.A., et al., 2016. Arctic plant origins and early formation of circumarctic distributions:a case study of the mountain sorrel, Oxyria digyna.New Phytol. 209, 343-353.
Wen, J., Zhang, J., Nie, Z.L., et al., 2014. Evolutionary diversifications of plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Front. Genet. 5, 4.
Wu, Z.Y., 1988. Hengduan mountain flora and her significance. J. Jpn. Bot. 63, 297-311.
Wu, Z.Y., Wu, S.G., 1996. A Proposal for a New Floristic Kingdom (Realm) e the East Asiatic Kingdom, its Delineation and Characteristics. China Higher Education Press, Beijing.
Xie, L., Yang, Z.Y., Wen, J., et al., 2014. Biogeographic history of Pistacia (Anacardiaceae), emphasizing the evolution of the Madrean-Tethyan and the eastern Asian-Tethyan disjunctions. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 77, 136-146.
Xing, Y., Ree, R.H., 2017. Uplift-driven diversification in the Hengduan Mountains, a temperate biodiversity hotspot. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 114, E3444-E3451.
Xu, T., Abbott, R., Milne, R., et al., 2010. Phylogeography and allopatric divergence of cypress species (Cupressus L.) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions.BMC Evol. Biol. 10, 194.
Xu, B., Li, Z.M., Sun, H., 2014a. Plant diversity and floristic characters of the alpine subnival belt flora in the Hengduan Mountains, SWChina. J. Syst. Evol. 52, 271-279.
Xu, B., Li, Z.M., Sun, H., 2014b. Seed Plants of the Alpine Subnival Belt from the Hengduan Mountains, SW China. Science Press, Beijing.
Xu, Y., Huang, G.H., Hu, C.M., et al., 2017. Primula pengzhouensis (Primulaceae), a new species from Sichuan, southwestern China. Plant Divers. 39, 229-231.
Yang, F.S., Li, Y.F., Ding, X.I.N., et al., 2008. Extensive population expansion of Pedicularis longiflora (Orobanchaceae) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its correlation with the Quaternary climate change. Mol. Ecol. 17, 5135-5145.
Yang, F.S., Qin, A.L., Li, Y.F., et al., 2012. Great genetic differentiation among populations of Meconopsis integrifolia and its implication for plant speciation in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. PLoS One 7, e37196.
Yu, J., Kuroda, C., Gong, X., 2014. Natural hybridization and introgression between Ligularia cymbulifera and L. tongolensis (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) in four different locations. PLoS One 9, e115167.
Yue, J.P., Sun, H., Baum, D.A., et al., 2009. Molecular phylogeny of Solms-laubachia(Brassicaceae) s.l., based on multiple nuclear and plastid DNA sequences, and its biogeographic implications. J. Syst. Evol. 47, 402-415.
Yue, L.L., Chen, G., Sun,W.B., et al., 2012. Phylogeography of Buddleja crispa (Buddlejaceae) and its correlation with drainage system evolution in southwestern China. Am. J. Bot. 99, 1726-1735.
Zha, H.G., Milne, R.I., Sun, H., 2010. Asymmetric hybridization in Rhododendron agastum:a hybrid taxon comprising mainly F1s in Yunnan, China. Ann. Bot. 105, 89-100.
Zhang, L.S., 2012. Palaeogeography of China:the Formation of China's Natural Environment.Science Press, Beijing, pp. 137-169.
Zhang, T.C., Sun, H., 2011. Phylogeographic structure of Terminalia franchetii (Combretaceae) in southwest China and its implications for drainage geological history.J. Plant Res. 124, 63-73.
Zhang, D.C., Boufford, D.E., Ree, R.H., et al., 2009a. The 29°N latitudinal line:an important division in the Hengduan Mountains, a biodiversity hotspot in southwest China. Nord. J. Bot. 27, 405-412.
Zhang, D.C., Zhang, Y.H., Boufford, D., et al., 2009b. Elevational patterns of species richness and endemism for some important taxa in the Hengduan Mountains, southwestern China. Biodivers. Conserv. 18, 699-716.
Zhang, X.L., Wang, Y.J., Ge, X.J., et al., 2009c. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Gentiana sect. Cruciata (Gentianaceae) based on four chloroplast DNA datasets.Taxon 58, 862-870.
Zhang, Y.H., Volis, S., Sun, H., 2010. Chloroplast phylogeny and phylogeography of Stellera chamaejasme on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and in adjacent regions.Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 57, 1162-1172.
Zhang, J.W., Nie, Z.L.,Wen, J., et al., 2011a. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of three closely related genera, Soroseris, Stebbinsia, and Syncalathium (Asteraceae, Cichorieae), endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, SW China. Taxon 60, 15-26.
Zhang, T.C., Comes, H.P., Sun, H., 2011b. Chloroplast phylogeography of Terminalia franchetii (Combretaceae) from the eastern Sino-Himalayan region and its correlation with historical river capture events. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 60, 1-12.
Zhang, J.Q., Meng, S.Y., Wen, J., et al., 2014a. Phylogenetic relationships and character evolution of Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid trnL-F and psbA-trnH sequences. Syst. Bot. 39, 441-451.
Zhang, M.L., Meng, H.H., Zhang, H.X., et al., 2014b. Himalayan origin and evolution of Myricaria (Tamaricaeae) in the Neogene. PLoS One 9, e97582.
Zhang, D.C., Ye, J.X., Sun, H., 2016. Quantitative approaches to identify floristic units and centres of species endemism in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, south-western China. J. Biogeogr. 43, 2465-2476.
Zhang, G.P., Meng, L.H., Wu, Z.K., et al., 2017. Natural selection on floral traits of Caltha scaposa (Ranunculaceae), an alpine perennial with generalized pollination system from Northwest Yunnan. Plant Divers. 39, 202-207.
Zhao, J.L., Xia, Y.M., Cannon, C.H., et al., 2016. Evolutionary diversification of alpine ginger reflects the early uplift of the HimalayaneTibetan Plateau and rapid extrusion of Indochina. Gondwana Res. 32, 232-241.
Zheng, D., 2013. Physical geography. In:Hong, D.Y., Blackmore, S. (Eds.), Plants of China (A Companion to the Flora of China). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 35-53.
Zhou, Z., Wen, J., Li, G., et al., 2012. Phylogenetic assessment and biogeographic analyses of tribe Peracarpeae (Campanulaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 298, 323-336.
Zhou, Z., Hong, D.Y., Niu, Y., et al., 2013. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of the Sino-Himalayan endemic genus Cyananthus (Campanulaceae) and implications for the evolution of its sexual system. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68, 482-497.
Zhu, W.D., Nie, Z.L., Wen, J., et al., 2013. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Astilbe (Saxifragaceae) in Asia and eastern North America. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 171, 377-394.

Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价