Abstract: The precent paper reports the chromosome numbers and karyotype analysis of Paeonia obovata Maxim., P. delavayi Franch. and P. delavayi Franch. var. lutea Finet et Gagnep., which were collected from Jiangxi and Yunnan Province of China. On the chromosomes of these species, it is show a similarity that the somatic chrosome number of all species are 2 n = 10, their karyotype formulae are 2 n= 6 m+ 2 sm + 2 st. In these species, however, each species may be distinguished from anothers by number and position of secondary constriction. The P. obovata has two pairs of SAT-chromosome, the secondary constriction are on the short arm near terminal of 4 th and 5th pairs. The SAT-chromosome of P. delavayi and P. delavayi var. lutea both have 3 pairs. 4th and 5th pairs of these as similar as P. obovata. But there is one secondary constriction on the long arm near centromere of 1st pair of P.delavayi, one on the long arm near centromere and another on the short arm near terminal of 2nd pair of P. delavayi var. lutea.

Key words: Paeonia obovata