科尔沁沙地蒙古族和汉族庭园植物群落垂直结构与种类组成比较

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201514064

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在内蒙古通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗蒙古族居住地区采用随机抽样和农户推荐选择30个农户，同时在邻近地区的汉族选择了10个农户作为对比分析。庭园样方取样为整个庭园面积，设立40个样方进行调查。结果表明，内蒙古通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗蒙古族庭园和邻近地区汉族庭园植物垂直结构主要有0~1m、1~2m、2~5m、5~10m、>10m等五类，其中不论是小规模庭园还是大规模庭园，5m以下的阶层占优势；两个民族庭园植物种植模式研究结果阐明科尔沁左翼后旗蒙古族与邻近汉族相比，目前很少栽培观赏植物，仍停留在与日常生活相关的蔬菜植物栽培的水平上，而邻近的汉族已开始注重栽培美化环境的庭园植物。此外，本研究运用MVSP统计软件分析庭园类型表明科尔沁左翼后旗蒙古族庭园主要有4种类型，邻近的汉族庭园有3种类型，并且当地蒙古族与邻近的汉族庭园有所差异，这些差异是由两个民族间农耕文化传统以及畜牧业植物文化差异、庭园面积、庭园历史及庭园管理水平、传统植物利用知识的差异所造成。

关键词: 庭园植物, 垂直结构, 种类组成, 科尔沁左翼后旗蒙古族, 汉族

Abstract:

Used the random sampling and recommendation, 30 households of Mongolian in Horqin Juun Garon Country were selected to compare with 10 households of Han nationality which lives in the region of nearby. Forty sampling plots of homegardens were investigated. The results indicates that the perpendicular structure of homegarden plants in Mongolian and Han nationality can be classified to 0-1m, 1-2m, 2-5m, 5-10m, and higher than 10m. The perpendicular structure lower than 5m is predominance in both large and small homegardens. Comparing the cultivation pattern in two nationality, Mongolia still stay in the level of vegetable cultivation which relaled to the daily life, the plants for view and admire are very few at present. But Han nationality have started attaching importance to the view and admire homegarden plants. Besides, this research applied the software MVSP to analyze the type of homegardens and indacates that the homegarden of Mongolian in Horqin Juun Garon Country have four categories, and Han nationality have three categories. The results indicate that there are many differences between Mongolian and Han nationality. This is caused by the differences between the two nationalities in traditional farming culture, animal husbandry culture, the area of homegarden, the history of homegarden, the management of homegarden, and the traditional botanical knowledge on plant species utilization.

Key words: Homegarden plants, the vertical structure of homegarden, composition of species, the Mongolian of Horqin Juun Garon Country, Han nationality

中图分类号:

Q 948

金兰, 哈斯巴根. 科尔沁沙地蒙古族和汉族庭园植物群落垂直结构与种类组成比较[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 79-92.

JIN Lan, HA Shi-Ba-Gen. The Vertical Structure and Composition of Homegarden Plants in the Horqin Sandy Land of the Mongols——A case study in the Horqin Juun Garon County of Inner Mongolia[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 79-92.

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