珍贵木材树种楠木的野生资源调查

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201515002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

楠木（Phoebe zhennan）是我国特有的国家Ⅱ级重点保护珍贵木材树种。本研究对楠木开展了全面的野外调查，区分其混淆种，并估测其潜在分布范围。调查发现，楠木零星分布于四川盆地及贵州北部地区；由于人为砍伐与生境破坏，楠木多分布于更新差的风水林，很少分布于自然林，部分散布于竹林中，天然更新的居群极少。通过形态比较与应用DNA条形码技术，可以把楠木与混淆树种黑壳楠（Lindera megaphylla）和细叶楠（Phoebe hui）进行区分。通过分布区估测发现，楠木现在的潜在分布区为四川盆地及贵州北部，但贵州北部的分布明显破碎化，未来气候变暖将促使楠木的最适分布区破碎化加剧，使其分布区向北迁移，范围进一步缩小。针对楠木的野生资源现状提出了保护对策与建议。

关键词: 楠木, 野生资源调查, 混淆种, 地理分布, 潜在分布区

Abstract:

Phoebe zhennan is an endemic valuable timber tree to China and was listed as one of the national secondclass important protected plants. In the study, we investigated the wild resource of Pzhennan, distinguished its confused species and estimated its potential distribution. The results showed that Pzhennan had a sporadic distribution in the areas of Sichuan Basin and Northern Guizhou. Due to deforestation and habitat destruction, Pzhenann mostly shrinked back to fengshui forests with low regeneration, rarely remained in natural forests and some scattered in bamboo forests, few natural regenerating populations were found during our investigation. Two confused species, Lindera megaphylla and Phoebe hui, were distinguished from Pzhennan with the evidence from morphology and DNA barcoding. The results of potential distribution estimation showed that Pzhennan might distribute in Sichuan Basin and Northern Guizhou, but the distribution in Northern Guizhou was fragmentizing. In the future, with global warming, habitat fragmentation of Pzhennan will be intensified and the distribution would tend to move northward with shrinking. Protection countermeasures and suggestions of Pzhennan are discussed.

Key words: Phoebe zhennan, Confused species, Geographical distribution, Investigation on wild resource, Potential distribution

中图分类号:

Q 948

丁鑫1、2, 肖建华1、2. 珍贵木材树种楠木的野生资源调查[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(05): 629-639.

DING Xin-, XIAO Jian-Hua. Investigation on Wild Resource of Valuable Timber Tree Phoebe zhennan (Lauraceae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(05): 629-639.

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