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Plant Diversity ›› 2008, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (04): 400-404.DOI: 10.3724 SP.J.1143.2008.07240

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物区系平衡点及其生物地理意义

冯建孟1 , 2 , 徐成东3   

  1. 1 大理学院生命科学与化学学院, 云南大理 671000; 2 北京大学环境学院生态学系, 北京 100871; 3 楚雄师范学院化学与生物系, 云南楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2007-10-16 出版日期:2008-08-25 发布日期:2008-08-25

Floristic Equilibrium Point and Its Biogeographic Significance

FENG Jian-Meng1 , 2 , XU Cheng-Dong3   

  1. 1 College of Life Science and Chemistry , Dali University, Dali 671000 , China ; 2 Department of Ecology, College of Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871 , China; 3 Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000 , China
  • Received:2007-10-16 Online:2008-08-25 Published:2008-08-25

摘要: 了解植物区系平衡点及其生物地理意义对于理解植物区系的起源、分化以及生物多样性空间格局的形成等方面均具有重要意义。本研究利用野外考察数据、相关的研究案例以及不同地区的种子植物物种名录, 探讨了区系平衡点的海拔高度与纬度的关系及其生物地理意义。以药山自然保护区为例的区系平衡点计算结果表明, 该区域的区系平衡点海拔在2 050 m 左右; 各区域区系平衡点海拔随着纬度的升高呈单调下降格局; 各研究区域区系平衡点的年平均温度具有高度的一致性, 在12. 96±0 . 28℃左右, 表明区系平衡点的出现反映了一定的热量意义, 在该温度以下, 植物区系成分以热带、亚热带成分为主, 而在该温度以上, 占主导地位的则是温带区系成分; 根据区系平衡点海拔与纬度的关系, 我国东部地区植被南北分界线的理论分界线在36°N 左右; 根据区系平衡点年均温以及我国东部地区等温线的地理分布, 我国东部地
区植被的南北分界线在34~35°N 之间, 位于秦岭北坡, 这与过去相关研究比较一致。

关键词: 区系平衡点, 海拔, 纬度, 年平均温度, 植被南北分界线

Abstract: The floristic equilibrium point and its biogeographic significance are important for understanding the floristic origin, distribution , and spatial patterns of plant diversity . Based on field surveys, documented data and related case studies, the relationship between altitude and latitude at floristic equilibrium points , and its biogeographic significance are examined. The results showed a floristic equilibrium point at 2 050m elevation on Mt . Yao , northeastern Yunnan, China. The elevation of the floristic equilibrium point decreases with an increase in latitude .Mean annual temperature at different floristic
equilibrium points shows high consistency around 12 . 96±0 . 28℃ , which hints that the floristic equilibrium point reflects certain energy requirements . Below the floristic equilibrium point , the majority of the flora contains tropical and subtropical elements; above that point temperate elements are dominant. According to the relationship between altitude and latitude at the floristic equilibrium point, the theoretical north-south dividing line between the vegetation in eastern China is around 36°N . According to the mean annual temperature at the floristic equilibrium point and spatial patterns of the isotherm in eastern China, the north-south boundary of vegetation is between 34 and 35°N, on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains, which is consistent with previous case studies .

Key words: Floristic equilibrium point

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