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Plant Diversity ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (02): 197-207.DOI: 10.7677/ynzwyj201413108

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

禾草模式植物二穗短柄草的研究进展

莫新春1,2   

  1. 1 中国科学院昆明植物研究所中国西南野生生物种质资源库, 云南 昆明650201;
    2 中国科学院大学, 北京100049
  • 出版日期:2014-03-25 发布日期:2014-12-01

Recent Progress in Model Grass Brachypodium distachyon (Poaceae)

 MO  Xin-Chun-1、2   

  1. 1 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
    Kunming 650201, China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Online:2014-03-25 Published:2014-12-01

摘要:

二穗短柄草(Brachypodium distachyon)是近来开发的一种温带禾草模式植物,它具有与粮食作物相同的许多生物学特性,可作为研究粮食作物生物学特性的模式实验植物。不同采集地的二穗短柄草具有高度的表观变异性,可帮助研究人员对这些生物学特性从表观到遗传的深入研究。二穗短柄草与其他重要经济作物如小麦、大麦及其他潜在能源植物一样同属于早熟禾亚科,使其成为研究这些重要经济作物无可非议的模式植物。近来,由于二穗短柄草基因组序列及其相关注释的完成,功能基因组学和其他实验技术手段的不断进步,二穗短柄草可为其他禾草类植物提供序列分析、基因表达和功能研究等诸多便利。本文综述了利用二穗短柄草作为模式植物来进行比较基因组学、生物学研究、转化和TDNA突变等方面的最新研究进展。

关键词: 二穗短柄草, 模式系统, 比较基因组学, 生物特性研究, 转化, T-DNA突变

Abstract:

Brachypodium distachyon, recently developed model system for temperate grasses, exhibited many traits with cereal crops and proposed to be an experimental system to access the biological approach. These traits have shown a surprised degree of phenotypic variation in many collected accessions. Like some important economical cereals, Bdistachyon also belongs to subfamily Pooideae, which make it become an unquestionable model system to research the economically important crops, such as wheat, barley and several potential biofuel plants. Recently, genome sequence and annotation of Bdistachyon has been finished. Associated with the development of the functional genomics and other experimental resources establishment, Bdistachyon will provide a key resource for improving cereal crops and facilitate the approach of sequence analyze gene expression and functional resources available for a variety of species. In this article we review and assess the current progress of Bdistachyon as a model system and then focus specifically on recent studies of comparative genomics, biological improvement, transformation and TDNA mutations.

Key words: Brachypodium distachyon, Model system, Comparative genomics, Biological improvement, Transformation, T-DNA mutations

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