CO2浓度升高和不同氮源对紫茎泽兰生长及光合特性的影响

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201413243

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大气CO2浓度升高和植物入侵是全世界面临的两大重要问题。CO2浓度升高促进植物的光合作用，但在某些植物中，这种促进作用出现在短期高浓度CO2下，而在长期高浓度CO2处理下消失（称为CO2驯化），被认为源于高浓度CO2对光呼吸和NO3-同化的抑制。通过比较研究不同形式氮源（全氮、硝态氮）和短期（8days）、长期（40days）CO2浓度升高处理对入侵植物紫茎泽兰生理特征的影响，结果表明在全氮供应下，短期和长期CO2浓度升高均促进了紫茎泽兰的光合；氨态氮缺失情况下，长期CO2浓度升高促进紫茎泽兰的光合，而短期CO2浓度升高对紫茎泽兰的光合没有促进作用；缺NH4+下，短期高浓度CO2提高了叶片叶绿素含量，长期CO2升高又使其回复到正常CO2下的较低水平。这些结果表明紫茎泽兰并不会对长期的CO2升高产生驯化，即长期CO2升高会促进紫茎泽兰的光合作用，而且这一促进作用不受土壤中缺NH4+的影响。鉴于培养介质中缺NH4+会导致一些植物产生“CO2驯化”，未来CO2浓度升高情况下，在缺NH4+的土壤中，紫茎泽兰的竞争力可能会更强。

关键词: CO2浓度升高, 紫茎泽兰, 入侵植物, 光合驯化, NO3-吸收

Abstract:

Increases in the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and plant invasion are two important problems that face humans worldwide. In some plants, exposure to a shortterm elevated concentration of CO2 (SE［CO2］) promotes photosynthesis, but the promotion of elevated ［CO2］ (E ［CO2］) to photosynthesis might disappear after longterm treatment (socalled “CO2 acclimation”); this might result from the associated inhibition of nitrate assimilation. The present study investigated the physiological effects of shortterm (8 days) and longterm (40 days) exposure to E［CO2］ when these were combined with different forms of inorganic N (full N; nitrate (NO3-)N) in the invasive species Eupatorium adenophorum. Exposure to E［CO2］ increased the biomass of Eadenophorum, regardless of the duration of exposure to E［CO2］ and the type of inorganic N that was supplied. E［CO2］ could promote the photosynthesis of Eadenophorum seedlings fertilised with nondepleted Hoagland solutions (full N). For plants fertilised with NH4+depleted Hoagland solution (NO3-N), LE［CO2］ treatment promoted the photosynthesis of Eadenop horum, but the promotion of photosynthesis by E［CO2］ disappeared under SE［CO2］ conditions. Photosynthetic pigments contents were determined to estimate potential changes in the photosynthetic capacity of Eadenophorum. For plants fertilised with nondepleted Hoagland solution, there were no significant differences in chlorophyll among the three ［CO2］ treatments, but the treatment of SE［CO2］ increased the levels of chlorophyll in leaves. The apparent promotion of biomass accumulation and photosynthesis at LE［CO2］ without a decrease in chlorophyll indicates that Eadenophorum might not acclimate to longterm exposure to E［CO2］. NH4+ depletion did not affect the capacity of LE［CO2］ to promote the photosynthesis of Eadenophorum. Thus, considering some plants fertilised with NO3- acclimating to LE［CO2］, Eadenophorum might be more competitive in areas where the soils are relatively poor in NH4+ as levels of atmospheric CO2 continue to rise.

Key words: Elevated CO2, Eadenophorum, Invasive plants, Photosynthesis acclimation, NO3- assimilation

中图分类号:

Q 945

欧阳芬, 郑国伟, 李唯奇. CO2浓度升高和不同氮源对紫茎泽兰生长及光合特性的影响[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(05): 611-621.

OUYANG-Fen, ZHENG Guo-Wei, LI Wei-Qi. Influence of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Source on Photosynthetic Traits in the Invasive Species Eupatorium adenophorum (Asteraceae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(05): 611-621.

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