高山植物圆锥南芥的光合系统耐热性及其修复机制

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201514037

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高温胁迫包括极端高温和中高温，严重影响了植物的一系列生理活动，尤其是光合作用，而植物应对极端高温和中高温胁迫具有不同的策略。高山植物因长期生长于相对寒冷的环境中，相比而言应缺少对高温胁迫的适应机制。本文以圆锥南芥作为一种高山模式植物来探索其在中高温下是否表现出耐热能力，如果具有耐热能力，那么在光合方面与拟南芥存在怎样的差异。研究发现，圆锥南芥在中高温处理后具有更高的光化学效率及快速可逆的恢复过程，表现出了较强的耐热能力。两物种的F0没有明显的差异，而圆锥南芥在热处理后及恢复过程中具有更高的Fm，促进其快速光合修复。在热处理后，非光化学能量耗散快速瞬时上升，及时保护光系统II免受光损伤和热伤害，另外，HSP101蛋白迅速诱导可能启动了光化学修复。最后，圆锥南芥在严重高温处理后具有更高的存活率再次验证了它在中高温下的耐热能力。结果表明，圆锥南芥具有更耐热的光合系统以及有效的光合修复机制来耐受中高温胁迫。

关键词: 高温胁, 迫中高温胁迫, 光合作用, 圆锥南芥, 非光化学能量耗散, 热激蛋白

Abstract:

The heat stress associated with extremely and moderately high temperatures affects a series of physiological activities in plants especially photosynthesis. However, it is proposed that the plants use different photosynthetic strategy to deal with extreme and moderate heat stresses. Most reports focus on the cold tolerant ability but thermotolerance of alpine plants. In the present study, we used the alpine plant Arabis paniculata as a model alpine plant to examine whether its capacity for heat tolerance is exhibited under moderate heat stress and, if so, how this capacity is related to differences in its photosynthesis compared with that of its close relative Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that Apaniculata had high photochemical efficiency at a moderately high temperature and a rapid reversible recovery process, which reflected substantial heat tolerance. Despite no obvious difference in F0 between the two species, the higher Fm values after heat treatment and recovery in Apaniculata than in Athaliana facilitated the rapid photochemical recovery. A rapid and transient increase in nonphotochemical quenching after moderate heat stress provided timely protection for PSII against the damage caused by heat and light. The rapid accumulation of heat shock protein 101 upon exposure to moderately high temperatures might initiate photochemical repair. Finally, the high rate of survival of Apaniculata after severe heat treatment attested to the substantial heat tolerance of its photosynthetic machinery under moderate stress. Our results indicated that a highly heattolerant photosystem and effective photochemical repair mechanism contribute to the capacity of Apaniculata to tolerate moderate heat stress.

Key words: Heat stress, Moderate heat stress, Photosynthesis, Arabis paniculata, Non-photochemical quenching, Heat shock protein

中图分类号:

Q 945

唐婷, 郑国伟, 李唯奇. 高山植物圆锥南芥的光合系统耐热性及其修复机制[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 46-54.

TANG Ting, ZHENG Guo-Wei, LI Wei-Qi. The Thermotolerance and Repair Mechanism of Photosystem in Alpine Plant Arabis paniculata (Cruciferae)*[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 46-54.

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