亚洲季风区铁杉属现代分布区及其气候特征

doi:10.3724 SP.J.1143.2009.09178

Plant Diversity ›› 2009, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (05): 389-398.DOI: 10.3724 SP.J.1143.2009.09178

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

亚洲季风区铁杉属现代分布区及其气候特征

杨青松^{1 , 2} , 星耀武^{1 , 2} , 周浙昆¹

1 中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室, 云南昆明 650204;
2 现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008

收稿日期:2009-09-08 出版日期:2009-10-25 发布日期:2009-10-25
通讯作者: 周浙昆

Modern Geographical Distribution of Tsuga and Its Climatic Conditions in the Asian Monsoon Region

YANG Qing-Song^{1 , 2} , XING Yao-Wu^{1 , 2} , ZHOU Zhe-Kun¹

1 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China;
2 State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy , Nanjing 210008 , China

Received:2009-09-08 Online:2009-10-25 Published:2009-10-25
Contact: ZHOU Zhe-Kun

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铁杉属在亚洲主要分布于亚洲季风区东部, 间断分布于中国大陆、台湾岛以及日本列岛( 除北海道) 。在中国大陆间断分布在西南山区(横断山区和部分东喜马拉雅) 、中部山区( 秦岭- 大巴山区) 和东南山区(华东山地)。亚洲季风区铁杉属的现代分布环境要求年降水量范围为720～2 103 mm, 生长季降水量为635～1 489 mm; 年均温范围为5 . 8～18.2℃ , 冬季月均温为- 2.7～11.5℃ , 年最冷月均温为- 3.7～10.9℃ , 年最暖月均温为13.0～28. 2℃ , 气温年较差为9 . 7～25 . 4℃。亚洲季风区铁杉属的现代地理分布与气候要素值相互关系的分析表明, 无铁杉分布的朝鲜半岛及其邻近的我国东北山地和山东山地降水量均大于700 mm, 基本上能够满足铁杉属生长的水分条件; 而朝鲜半岛及其邻近的我国东北山地和山东山地的气温年较差明显大于铁杉属分布区的值, 同时两地的冬季月均温和年最冷月均温明显低于铁杉属分布区的值, 这也是这些地区没有铁杉属分布的主要气候原因。总之, 这些亚洲季风区水分条件能够满足铁杉属生长需要, 但冬季温度( 包括冬季月平均温度和年最冷月均温) 和气温年较差无法满足铁杉属生长需要, 导致这些地区无铁杉属现代分布记录。

关键词: 铁杉属, 亚洲季风区, 现代地理分布, 气候特征

Abstract: In Asia, Tsuga is mainly distributed in the Asian Monsoon region , and intermittently distributed in Mainland China, Taiwan Central Ranges and Japanese Archipelago ( except Hokkaido) . InMainland China, it is discontinuously distributed in the southwestern mountains ( the Hengduan Mountains and a part of the Eastern Himalayas), the central mountains
( the Qinling Mountains and the Daba Mountains) and the southeastern mountains ( the East China mountains). In its modern geographical distribution, Tsuga growth requires following climatic conditions : annual precipitation (AP) range of 720 - 2 103mm, growing season precipitation (GP) range of 635 - 1 489 mm, annual mean temperature (AMT) range of 5 . 8 - 18 .2℃ , winter mean temperature (WMT) range of - 2 . 7 - 11 .5℃ , mean temperature for the coldest month (MTC) range of - 3 . 7 - 10 . 9℃ , mean temperature for the warmest month (MTW) range of 13 .0 - 28 . 2℃ , and the annual range of monthly mean temperature (ART) range of 9 . 7 - 25 . 4℃ . In the AsianMonsoon region , AP in Korean Peninsula and its adjacent northeast China mountainous region , and the Shangdong mountainous region is more than 700 mm and generally meet the moisture requirements of Tsuga growth. But ART of these two Tsuga-free regions are apparently higher than that of Tsuga regions, and WMT and MTC are lower than those for Tsuga regions . It indicates that temperature conditions, particularly WMT, MTC and ART are constraints for the growth of Tsuga in these Asian Monsoon region . In conclusion, moisture conditions can generally meet Tsuga living requirements in these monsoon mountainous regions, but winter temperature ( including WMT and MTC) and ART become limited factors of Tsuga in these regions .

Key words: Tsuga

中图分类号:

Q 948

杨青松1 , 2 , 星耀武1 , 2 , 周浙昆1 . 亚洲季风区铁杉属现代分布区及其气候特征[J]. Plant Diversity, 2009, 31(05): 389-398.

YANG Qing-Song^, , XING Yao-Wu^, , ZHOU Zhe-Kun. Modern Geographical Distribution of Tsuga and Its Climatic Conditions in the Asian Monsoon Region[J]. Plant Diversity, 2009, 31(05): 389-398.

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亚洲季风区铁杉属现代分布区及其气候特征

Modern Geographical Distribution of Tsuga and Its Climatic Conditions in the Asian Monsoon Region

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