青藏高原六种棘豆属植物的染色体数目及核型报道

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2011.10207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对6种棘豆属植物(Oxytropis)的13个居群样进行细胞学研究，其中黄花棘豆(O.ochrocephala)、绢毛棘豆(O.tatarica)、甘肃棘豆(O.kansuensis)和铺地棘豆(O.humifusa)为首次报道染色体数目(2n=16)和核型；在胀果棘豆(O.stracheyana) 中(2n=48)首次发现B染色体。现有的细胞学资料表明：棘豆属植物中多倍体占总报道数的58%，这说明多倍化在本属植物的进化过程中起着非常重要的作用，但青藏高原仅有一种植物发现多倍体，多倍化并不占主导地位，而主要表现为二倍体水平上的结构变异，即核型不对称性的变化。

关键词: 棘豆属, 青藏高原, 染色体数目, 核型, AI值

Abstract:

Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 13 populations of six Oxytropis species (Fabaceae) from the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, China, were presented. The chromosome numbers and karyotypes in O.ochrocephala, O.tatarica, O.kansuensis and O.humifusa (2n=16) were reported for the first time. Bchromosomes were found from O.stracheyana (2n=48). The basic chromosome number of x=8 is confirmed for the genus. The available chromosomal data indicate that polyploidy may have played an important role in the evolution of the genus, with the incidence of polyploidy in the genus reaching 58%. However, our results indicated that among the populations here examined only one was a hexaploid with 2n=48. Such a chromosomal pattern indicates that the karyotypic repatterning at the diploid level seems to be the predominant feature of chromosomal evolution in the Oxytropis species from the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, and that sympatric speciation via hybridization and polyploidization has played a minor role in the species diversification of the genus from this area.

Key words: Oxytropis, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Chromosome number, Karyotype, AI value

中图分类号:

Q 943

刘亚辉1、2, 孟盈1, 杨永红2, 杨永平1. 青藏高原六种棘豆属植物的染色体数目及核型报道[J]. Plant Diversity, 2011, 33(4): 423-431.

LIU Ya-Hui-, MENG Ying-, Yang-Yong-Hong-, YANG Yong-Ping. Chromosome Numbers and Karyotypes of Six Oxytropis Species (Fabaceae) from the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, China[J]. Plant Diversity, 2011, 33(4): 423-431.

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