On the Methods and Principles of Molecular Identification of Chinese Herbs

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2012.12162

Abstract

Abstract:

Accurate identification of herbal medicinal materials is relevant to the safety of human life and economic interests. Traditional identification methods, including sensory evaluation, microscopic identification, physical and chemical identification, all have their limitations. Molecular identification brings a new opportunity for accurate identification of herbal medicinal materials. However, prior to its wide adoption, the methods and principles of molecular identification should be fully discussed. In this paper, we proposed a set of new methods for molecular authentication of herbal medicinal materials: 1) Identification between authenticity and adulteration by using specific polymerase chain reaction; 2) Identification between official herb and substitute by using the method of DNA barcoding; 3) Identification among multiple species of one official herbs by constructing genealogy among closelyrelated species based on population genetics; 4) Identification among herbs of different geographical origins by phylogeographybased analysis. For those that can not be identified by above four methods, more rapidly evolved markers such as microsatellite should be employed and individualbased analysis could be adopted.

Key words: Herbal medicines, Molecular identification, Authenticity and adulteration, Official herb and substitute, Multiple species origin, Different regional origins

CLC Number:

YUAN Qing-Jun-, ZHANG Wen-Jing-, JIANG Dan-, ZHANG Yong-Qing-, MA Chao-Yi-, HUANG Lu-Qi. On the Methods and Principles of Molecular Identification of Chinese Herbs[J]. Plant Diversity, 2012, 34(6): 607-613.

References

陈士林, 2012. 中药DNA条形码分子鉴定［M］. 北京: 人民卫生出版社
国家药典委员会, 2010. 中华人民共和国药典［M］. 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 72, 349
黄璐琦, 2000. 分子生药学［M］. 北京: 北京大学医学出版社
刘晓光, 2012. 基于群体遗传学的黄连属DNA条形码研究［D］.［学位论文］. 北京: 中国中医科学院中药研究所, 济南: 山东中医药大学
邵鹏柱, 曹晖, 王骏等, 2004. 中药分子鉴定［M］. 上海: 复旦大学出版社
张彬, 2012. 当归属药用植物及药材的DNA条形码鉴别研究——兼论DNA条形码在中药材鉴定中的原则研究［D］.［学位论文］. 北京: 中国中医科学院中药研究所
Arnold M, 1997. Natural Hybridization and Evolution［M］. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Avise JC, Arnold J, Ball Jr. RM et al., 1987. Intraspecific phylogeography: The mitochondrial DNA bridge between population genetics and systematics［J］. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 18: 489—522
Avise JC, 1996. Space and time as axes in intraspecific phylogeography［A］. In: Huntley B, Cramer W, Morgan AV et al. (eds.), Past and Future Rapid Environmental Change: The Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota［M］. New York: SpringerVerlag, 381—388
Avise JC, 2000. Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species ［M］. Cambridge, Massachuseets, London, England: Harvard University Press
Barrett RDH, Hebert PDN, 2005. Identifying spiders through DNA barcodes［J］. Canadian Journal of ZoologyRevue Canadienne De Zoologie, 83: 481—491
But PPH, 1994. Herbal poisoning caused by adulterants or erroneous substitutes［J］. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97: 371—374
But PPH, Tomlinson B, Cheung KO et al., 1996. Adulerants of herbal products can cause poisoning［J］. British Medical Journal, 313: 117
CBOL Plant Working Group, 2009. A DNA barcode for land plants［J］. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106: 12794—12797
Chase MW, Cowan RS, Hollingsworth PM et al., 2007. A proposal for a standardised protocol to barcode all land plants［J］. Taxon, 56: 295—299
Chen SL, Yao H, Han JP et al., 2010. Validation of the ITS2 region as a nowel DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plant species［J］. PloS One, 5: e8613
Chiang TY, Schaal BA, 1999, Phylogeography of North American populations of the moss species Hylocomium splendens based on the nucleotide sequence of internal transcribed spacer 2 of nuclear ribosomal DNA［J］. Molecular Ecology, 8: 1037—1042
Excoffier L, Smouse PE, 1994. Using alleles frequencies and geographic subdivision to reconstruct gene trees within a species: molecular variance parsimony［J］. Genetics, 136: 343—359
Fazekas AJ, Kesanakurti PR, Burgess KS et al., 2009. Are plant species inherently harder to discriminate than animal species using DNA barcoding markers?［J］. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9: 130—139
Feng T, Downie SR, Yan Y et al., 2009. Molecular systematics of Angelica and allied genera (Apiaceae) from the Hengduan Mountains of China based on nrDNA ITS sequences: phylogenetic affinities and biogeographic implications［J］. Journal of Plant Research, 122: 403—414
Futuyma DJ, 1997. Evolutionary Biology［M］. Massachusetts: Inc. Sunderland
Gao LM (高连明), Liu J (刘杰), Cai J (蔡杰) et al., 2012. A synopsis of technical notes on the standards for plant DNA barcoding［J］. Plant Diversity and Resources (植物分类与资源学报), 34 (6): 592—606
Hebert PDN, Cywinska A, Ball SL et al., 2003. Biological identifications through DNA barcodes［J］. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 270: 313—321
Hebert PDN, Stoeckle MY, Zemlak TS et al., 2004. Identification of birds through DNA barcodes［J］. PLoS Biology, 2: e312
Huang LQ (黄璐琦), Zhang RX (张瑞贤), 1997. Discussion on the biology of geoherbs［J］. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal (中国药学杂志), 32 (9): 563
Kress WJ, Erickson DL, 2007. A twolocus global DNA barcode for land plants: the coding rbcL gene complements the noncoding trnHpsbA spacer region［J］. PLoS One, 2: e508
Li DZ, Gao LM, Li HT et al., 2011. Comparative analysis of a large dataset indicates that ITS shoud be incorporated into the core barcode for seed plants［J］. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108 (49): 19641—19646
Meyer CP, Paulay G, 2005. DNA barcoding: rrror rates based on comprehensive sampling［J］. PLoS Biology, 3 (12): 2229—2238
Petit RJ et al., 2003. Glacial refugia: hotspots but not melting post of genetic diversity［J］. Science, 300: 1563—1565
Schaal BA, Hayworth DA, Olsen KM et al., 1998. Phylogeographic studies in plants: problems and prospects［J］. Molecular Ecology, 7: 465—475
Templeton AR, 1998. Nested clade analyses of phylogeographic data: testing hypotheses about gene flow and population history［J］. Molecular Ecology, 7: 381—397
Vanhaelen M, VanhaelenFastre R, But PPH et al., 1994. Indentification of aristolochic acid in Chinese herbs［J］. Lancet, 343: 174
Vanherweghem JL, Delielreux M, Tielemans C et al., 1993. Rapidly progressive interstitial renal fibrosis in young women: Association with slimming regimen including Chinese herbs［J］. Lancet, 341: 387—391
World Health Organization, 2008. Traditional Medicine. Fact Sheet N134. Geneva: World Health Organization
Xiao XH (肖小河), Chen SL (陈士林), Huang LQ (黄璐琦) et al., 2009. Survey of investigations on Daodi Chinese medicinal materials in China since 1980s［J］. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica (中国中药杂志), 34 (5): 519

On the Methods and Principles of Molecular Identification of Chinese Herbs

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 1

Recommended Articles

Metrics