Comparative Morphology of Development of the Gametophyte and Juvenile Sporophyte of Phymatopteris

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201312132

Abstract

Abstract:

The development of the gametophyte and juvenile sporophyte are important in the systematics of fern groups, yet have been seldom studied in the genus Phymatopteris. Three species of Phymatopteris are described and compared in the present paper. It was established that spores were monolete, germination was Vittariatype, and prothallial development was Drynariatype. Germ filaments developed 2-6 cells, and mature prothalli were cordate with prominent cushions in the middle of two wings. Prothalli were usually bisexual. Antheridia were produced 48-55 days after sowing, and archegonia formed 15-18 days after the production of antheridia. Embryos began to develop in the cushion of the gametophyte 80-100 days after sowing. Spherical embryos differentiated into the first leaf, the first root, and shoot apex, and then into the juvenile sporophyte. Unicellular hairs appeared on the margin of prothalli and multicellular uniseriate trichomes developed on the dorsal surface of prothalli, especially in the cushion, to surround and protect the embryo and juvenile sporophyte. Differences in size of spores, germination time, characteristics of the filaments and adult prothallus, and time of gametangia formation were documented among the three species. Gametophytes in soil medium usually grew asynchronously, which may have been caused by vegetative generation or asynchronous germination of spores.

Key words: Gametophyte, Juvenile sporophyte, Phymatopteris

CLC Number:

Q 944

SHAO Wen-, LIU Shu-Gang. Comparative Morphology of Development of the Gametophyte and Juvenile Sporophyte of Phymatopteris[J]. Plant Diversity, 2013, 35(4): 522-528.

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