Abstract: It was found that a few cells progress meiosis in an anther callus culture of Camellia petelotii (Merr.)Sealy cultured and subcultured for 6 months. The pairing and segregating of homologous chromosomes at the frist and second division of meiosis were conformed with PMC meiosis, and finally, the tetrad were formation. Basec on the analysis of chromosomal morphology and behavior, it was considered as a special somatic meiosis. The speciality and significance of this somatic meiosis were analyzed and discussed. Observation on preparations made with paraffin sectioning and squashing showed that callus clumps composed of some meristematic cell groups, a large quantity of vaculated cells and storge cells, without further differentiation. About 71.1 percent of cells in this callus clumps showed the chromosome number 2n = 30, and the rest cells were aneuploid.

Key words: Camellia petelotii