Abstract: A species Protubera nipponica Kobay. of family Protophallaceae is reported and illus-trated from China for the first time. It has been found in Japan and Southern Yunnan of China, and it may be an endemic species of the Estern Asia according to the present data. This paper al-so discusses the taxonomic limits of genus Protubera M511er and places Protophallus Murrill, Protuberella Imai et Kawamura and Kobayasia Imai et Kawamura into the genus Protubera as its synonyms. Protubera may be inferred the genus of the tropical and subtropical distribution origi-nally from the modern geographic distributional patterns of the most species.

Key words: Protubera