Abstract: Papaveraceae is a more primitive family in the midst of angiosperm on the system, and a typical family in the north temperate zone on the floristic geography. There are 38 genera about 700 species in total. According to the evolutionary tendency of the main organs (gynoecium, androecium, perianth, fruit and seed), the taxonomic system of under family was recombined. They are di-vided into 3 subfamilies and 8 tribes.

Key words: 罂粟科；分类；进化；分布；起源