Plant diversity in herbal tea and its traditional knowledge in Qingtian County, Zhejiang Province, China

doi:10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.002

Abstract

Abstract: Herbal teas composed of locally occurring plant species have long been used as the primary form of health care in Qingtian County, Zhejiang Province, China. However, large-scale emigration overseas and an aging population threaten the conservation of traditional knowledge of these herbal teas. Traditional knowledge about the plants used for these herbal teas is not well documented in Qingtian, despite their widespread use. The aim of this study was to assess the plant-cultural diversity of plants used as herbal teas, and to point out the prospective value of herbal teas used by Qingtian people. This study was conducted using semi-structured interviews, as well as field and market surveys. Forty-three local informants were interviewed. We recorded plant resources, plant parts used, local names, and medicinal uses. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices, including cognitive salience (CS), frequency of citation (FC), index of informant consensus (F_ic) and use value (UV), were calculated to analyze the level of representativeness and relative importance of plants used in herbal teas. One hundred and twenty-nine species belonging to 75 families and 113 genera were reported to be used in herbal tea, with Compositae being the richest family. Whole plants are most commonly used to make herbal teas (66.7%). In this study, informants reported that 92.2% of plant species used in herbal teas are wild. The most utilized herbal preparation form is dry/fresh. Informants reported that herbal teas are used to treat 31 ailments. Our results show that the highest representativeness, based on CS and FC, was recorded for species Actinidia eriantha. Based on UV, the top five most used species are Goodyera schlechtendaliana, Plantago asiatica, Prunella vulgaris, Lophatherum gracile and Leonurus japonicus. The highest F_ic was cited for dental medicine. This study helps document the status of current herbal teas in Qingtian. The use value and traditional knowledge of herbal teas have provided basic data for further research focused on bioactivity studies and sustainable utilization of the most important species.

Key words: Herbal tea, Medicine food homology plants, Plant-cultural diversity, Qingtian

Yujing Liu, Renchuan Hu, Songsong Shen, Zheng Zhang, Jing Zhang, Xiaoling Song, Sheng Qiang. Plant diversity in herbal tea and its traditional knowledge in Qingtian County, Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Plant Diversity, 2020, 42(06): 464-472.

Figures/Tables 14

References 33

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物种 Species	重要值 Important value (%)	生长型 Growth form
群落1 Community 1
港柯 Lithocarpus harlandii	12.20	乔木 Tree
杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	10.97	小乔木 Small tree
云山青冈 Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia	9.27	乔木 Tree
木荷 Schima superba	6.10	乔木 Tree
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	6.06	小乔木 Small tree
群落2 Community 2
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	13.38	小乔木 Small tree
木荷 Schima superba	12.46	乔木 Tree
杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	12.12	小乔木 Small tree
米槠 Castanopsis carlesii	10.04	乔木 Tree
栲 Castanopsis fargesii	6.01	乔木Tree
群落3 Community 3
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	21.46	小乔木 Small tree
薄叶润楠 Machilus leptophylla	12.06	乔木 Tree
南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	10.48	乔木 Tree
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	9.34	小乔木 Small tree
云山青冈 Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia	5.90	乔木 Tree

物种 Species	重要值 Important value (%)	生长型 Growth form
群落1 Community 1
港柯 Lithocarpus harlandii	12.20	乔木 Tree
杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	10.97	小乔木 Small tree
云山青冈 Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia	9.27	乔木 Tree
木荷 Schima superba	6.10	乔木 Tree
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	6.06	小乔木 Small tree
群落2 Community 2
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	13.38	小乔木 Small tree
木荷 Schima superba	12.46	乔木 Tree
杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	12.12	小乔木 Small tree
米槠 Castanopsis carlesii	10.04	乔木 Tree
栲 Castanopsis fargesii	6.01	乔木Tree
群落3 Community 3
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	21.46	小乔木 Small tree
薄叶润楠 Machilus leptophylla	12.06	乔木 Tree
南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	10.48	乔木 Tree
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	9.34	小乔木 Small tree
云山青冈 Cyclobalanopsis sessilifolia	5.90	乔木 Tree

物种 Species	特异性Specificity	确限度Fidelity	指示值Indicator value	p
群落1 Community 1
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	0.9659	0.7037	0.824	0.001^***
宜昌荚蒾 Viburnum erosum	0.9298	0.5556	0.719	0.001^***
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	0.9643	0.4444	0.655	0.001^***
迎春樱桃 Cerasus discoidea	1.0000	0.3704	0.609	0.001^***
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	0.9070	0.4074	0.608	0.002^**
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	0.8421	0.3704	0.558	0.003^**
大青 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum	0.8750	0.3333	0.540	0.007^**
群落2 Community 2
虎皮楠 Daphniphyllum oldhami	0.9894	0.6957	0.830	0.001^***
柯 Lithocarpus glaber	0.9792	0.6087	0.772	0.001^***
杨梅 Myrica rubra	0.8667	0.6087	0.726	0.001^***
总状山矾 Symplocos botryantha	0.9375	0.4783	0.670	0.001^***
刺毛越桔 Vaccinium trichocladum	0.8889	0.4783	0.652	0.001^***
铁冬青 Ilex rotunda	0.5833	0.5217	0.552	0.045^*
群落3 Community 3
薄叶润楠 Machilus leptophylla	0.9931	1.0000	0.997	0.001^***
红毒茴 Illicium lanceolatum	0.9695	0.8214	0.892	0.001^***
紫楠 Phoebe sheareri	1.0000	0.5714	0.756	0.001^***
黄牛奶树 Symplocos cochinchinensis var. laurina	0.8482	0.6429	0.738	0.001^***
西川朴 Celtis vandervoetiana	1.0000	0.3214	0.567	0.001^***
锐角枫 Acer acutum	1.0000	0.2500	0.500	0.002^**
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	1.0000	0.2500	0.500	0.001^***

物种 Species	特异性Specificity	确限度Fidelity	指示值Indicator value	p
群落1 Community 1
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	0.9659	0.7037	0.824	0.001^***
宜昌荚蒾 Viburnum erosum	0.9298	0.5556	0.719	0.001^***
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	0.9643	0.4444	0.655	0.001^***
迎春樱桃 Cerasus discoidea	1.0000	0.3704	0.609	0.001^***
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	0.9070	0.4074	0.608	0.002^**
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	0.8421	0.3704	0.558	0.003^**
大青 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum	0.8750	0.3333	0.540	0.007^**
群落2 Community 2
虎皮楠 Daphniphyllum oldhami	0.9894	0.6957	0.830	0.001^***
柯 Lithocarpus glaber	0.9792	0.6087	0.772	0.001^***
杨梅 Myrica rubra	0.8667	0.6087	0.726	0.001^***
总状山矾 Symplocos botryantha	0.9375	0.4783	0.670	0.001^***
刺毛越桔 Vaccinium trichocladum	0.8889	0.4783	0.652	0.001^***
铁冬青 Ilex rotunda	0.5833	0.5217	0.552	0.045^*
群落3 Community 3
薄叶润楠 Machilus leptophylla	0.9931	1.0000	0.997	0.001^***
红毒茴 Illicium lanceolatum	0.9695	0.8214	0.892	0.001^***
紫楠 Phoebe sheareri	1.0000	0.5714	0.756	0.001^***
黄牛奶树 Symplocos cochinchinensis var. laurina	0.8482	0.6429	0.738	0.001^***
西川朴 Celtis vandervoetiana	1.0000	0.3214	0.567	0.001^***
锐角枫 Acer acutum	1.0000	0.2500	0.500	0.002^**
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	1.0000	0.2500	0.500	0.001^***

物种 Species	特异性Specificity	确限度Fidelity		指示值Indicator value		p
类群A Cluster A
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	0.8788	0.6667		0.765		0.001^***
宜昌荚蒾 Viburnum erosum	0.8281	0.5000		0.643		0.001^***
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	0.8056	0.5000		0.635		0.001^***
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	0.5362	0.4000		0.463		0.001^***
迎春樱桃 Cerasus discoidea	0.6071	0.3333		0.450		0.001^***
南烛 Vaccinium bracteatum	0.5143	0.3333		0.414		0.003^**
豆腐柴 Premna microphylla	0.6000	0.1333		0.283		0.045^*
野鸦椿 Euscaphis japonica	0.7500	0.1000		0.274		0.026^*
木蜡树 Toxicodendron sylvestre	1.0000	0.0667		0.258		0.029^*
类群B Cluster B
柯 Lithocarpus glaber	0.7833	0.6087		0.691		0.001^***
杨梅 Myrica rubra	0.6047	0.6087		0.607		0.001^***
刺毛越桔 Vaccinium trichocladum	0.5333	0.4783		0.505		0.001^***
总状山矾 Symplocos botryantha	0.4688	0.4783		0.473		0.001^***
类群E Cluster E
紫楠 Phoebe sheareri	0.9000	0.5806		0.723		0.001^***
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	0.9167	0.2581		0.486		0.001^***
锐角槭 Acer acutum	0.8333	0.2258		0.434		0.001^***
中华卫矛 Euonymus nitidus	0.7000	0.1613		0.336		0.006^**
枳椇 Hovenia acerba	0.8750	0.1290		0.336		0.002^**
类群B + C Cluster B + C
虎皮楠 Daphniphyllum oldhami	0.8685	0.5889		0.715		0.001^***
皱柄冬青 Ilex kengii	0.7812	0.1889		0.384		0.013^*
类群D + E Cluster D + E
薄叶润楠 Machilus leptophylla	0.9809	0.7436		0.854		0.001^***
红毒茴 Illicium lanceolatum	0.9031	0.6539		0.768		0.001^***
黄牛奶树 Symplocos cochinchinensis var. laurina	0.8273	0.5513		0.675		0.001^***
西川朴 Celtis vandervoetiana	0.9730	0.3077		0.547		0.001^***
无患子 Sapindus saponaria	0.8529	0.2564		0.468		0.001^***
糙叶树 Aphananthe aspera	0.8846	0.2308		0.452		0.001^***
紫弹树 Celtis biondii	0.8889	0.1923		0.413		0.003^**
杭州榆 Ulmus changii	0.9853	0.1410		0.373		0.007^**
青钱柳 Cyclocarya paliurus	0.8667	0.1282		0.333		0.009^**
大叶旱樱 Cerasus subhirtella	0.8750		0.0897		0.280	0.04^*
黐花 Mussaenda esquirolii	1.0000		0.0769		0.277	0.036^*