Selecting flagship species to solve a biodiversity conservation conundrum

doi:10.1016/j.pld.2021.01.004

Abstract

Abstract: The difficulty of effectively monitoring and managing the environment to conserve biodiversity is as yet an unsolved conundrum. A project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has concluded that progress can be made through the use of flagship species selected using criteria drawn from conservation biology, ecosystem function, socio-economics, and cultural importance. Inclusion of the latter three criteria will help attract and maintain the commitment of the public to play full parts in carrying out any conservation measures needed. A system is proposed for scoring species to select those that are most suitable as flagships. This method can be used regardless of the size of the area chosen for attention, whether it is a region, a country, or a particular protected area.

Key words: Flagship species, Selection criteria, Biodiversity conservation, Proposed program

Jie Qian, Huifu Zhuang, Weikang Yang, Yifeng Chen, Shilong Chen, Yanhua Qu, Yuanming Zhang, Yongping Yang, Yuhua Wang. Selecting flagship species to solve a biodiversity conservation conundrum[J]. Plant Diversity, 2020, 42(06): 488-491.

Figures/Tables 7

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树种名 Species name	苔藓矮林 MD	中山湿性阔叶林 MM	季风常绿阔叶林 MS	半湿润常绿阔叶林 SH
倒卵叶石栎 Lithocarpus crassifolius	25.54(23.40)
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi	12.81(17.81)
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum	19.47(17.51)
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii	8.37(13.47)	8.68(21.18)
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia	10.45(12.52)	9.99(10.38)
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina	5.94(6.35)	8.50(13.34)
木果石栎 Lithocarpus xylocarpus		16.88 (20.10)
腾冲栲 Castanopsis wattii		7.50(7.53)
硬斗柯 Lithocarpus hancei		8.96(6.42)
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium		3.30(4.70)
舟柄茶 Stewartia pteropetiolata		3.94(3.51)
滇木荷 Schima noronhae		5.13(2.59)
四川冬青 Ilex szechwanensis		2.72(2.01)
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis			19.39(21.73)	9.71(18.22)
高山栲 Castanopsis delavayi			9.56(21.37)
母猪果 Helicia nilagirica			4.29(10.23)
茶梨 Anneslea fragrans			2.51(8.21)
截头石栎 Lithocarpus truncatus			10.20 (7.47)
小果栲 Castanopsis fleuryi			8.93(7.35)
滇南木姜子 Litsea garrettii			4.37(6.19)
西南木荷 Schima wallichii			6.13(4.77)
红梗润楠 Machilus rufipes			4.96(2.97)
滇青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides				35.04(27.95)
白穗石栎 Lithocarpus craibianus				28.38(27.93)
多穗石栎 Lithocarpus polystachyus				20.47(24.96)

树种名 Species name	苔藓矮林 MD	中山湿性阔叶林 MM	季风常绿阔叶林 MS	半湿润常绿阔叶林 SH
倒卵叶石栎 Lithocarpus crassifolius	25.54(23.40)
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi	12.81(17.81)
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum	19.47(17.51)
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii	8.37(13.47)	8.68(21.18)
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia	10.45(12.52)	9.99(10.38)
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina	5.94(6.35)	8.50(13.34)
木果石栎 Lithocarpus xylocarpus		16.88 (20.10)
腾冲栲 Castanopsis wattii		7.50(7.53)
硬斗柯 Lithocarpus hancei		8.96(6.42)
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium		3.30(4.70)
舟柄茶 Stewartia pteropetiolata		3.94(3.51)
滇木荷 Schima noronhae		5.13(2.59)
四川冬青 Ilex szechwanensis		2.72(2.01)
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis			19.39(21.73)	9.71(18.22)
高山栲 Castanopsis delavayi			9.56(21.37)
母猪果 Helicia nilagirica			4.29(10.23)
茶梨 Anneslea fragrans			2.51(8.21)
截头石栎 Lithocarpus truncatus			10.20 (7.47)
小果栲 Castanopsis fleuryi			8.93(7.35)
滇南木姜子 Litsea garrettii			4.37(6.19)
西南木荷 Schima wallichii			6.13(4.77)
红梗润楠 Machilus rufipes			4.96(2.97)
滇青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides				35.04(27.95)
白穗石栎 Lithocarpus craibianus				28.38(27.93)
多穗石栎 Lithocarpus polystachyus				20.47(24.96)

环境因子 Environmental factors	NMDS第一轴 NMDS1	NMDS第二轴 NMDS2	r²	P
海拔 Elevation	-0.779	-0.627	0.897	0.001
凹凸度 Convexity	0.992	-0.128	0.098	0.134
坡向 Aspect	-0.025	-1.000	0.035	0.490
坡度 Slope	-0.352	-0.936	0.241	0.007
土壤含水率 Soil water content (SW)	-0.994	-0.107	0.635	0.001
土壤有机质 Soil organic matter (SOM)	-0.825	-0.566	0.293	0.003
土壤pH值 pH	0.998	0.067	0.597	0.001
全氮 Total nitrogen (TN)	-0.367	-0.930	0.060	0.312
全磷 Total phosphorus (TP)	-0.543	0.840	0.108	0.121
全钾 Total potassium (TK)	0.150	-0.989	0.374	0.002
有效氮 Available nitrogen (AN)	-0.582	0.813	0.079	0.210
有效磷 Available phosphorus (AP)	-0.918	0.396	0.432	0.001
有效钾 Available potassium (AK)	0.112	0.994	0.316	0.001
有效硼 Available boron (AB)	-0.272	0.962	0.503	0.001

环境因子 Environmental factors	NMDS第一轴 NMDS1	NMDS第二轴 NMDS2	r²	P
海拔 Elevation	-0.779	-0.627	0.897	0.001
凹凸度 Convexity	0.992	-0.128	0.098	0.134
坡向 Aspect	-0.025	-1.000	0.035	0.490
坡度 Slope	-0.352	-0.936	0.241	0.007
土壤含水率 Soil water content (SW)	-0.994	-0.107	0.635	0.001
土壤有机质 Soil organic matter (SOM)	-0.825	-0.566	0.293	0.003
土壤pH值 pH	0.998	0.067	0.597	0.001
全氮 Total nitrogen (TN)	-0.367	-0.930	0.060	0.312
全磷 Total phosphorus (TP)	-0.543	0.840	0.108	0.121
全钾 Total potassium (TK)	0.150	-0.989	0.374	0.002
有效氮 Available nitrogen (AN)	-0.582	0.813	0.079	0.210
有效磷 Available phosphorus (AP)	-0.918	0.396	0.432	0.001
有效钾 Available potassium (AK)	0.112	0.994	0.316	0.001
有效硼 Available boron (AB)	-0.272	0.962	0.503	0.001

	有效硼 AB	有效钾 AK	凹凸度 Convexity	海拔 Elevation	pH	全钾 TK	自由度 df	AICc	ΔAICc	权重值 Weight
1	1.796		-0.128	-0.001		-0.345	5	90.0	0.00	0.261
2	2.082			-0.001		-0.250	4	90.4	0.39	0.214
3	2.374			-0.001			4	91.0	0.95	0.162
4	2.001	-0.005	-0.124	-0.002		-0.409	6	91.3	1.26	0.139
5	2.290	-0.005		-0.002		-0.320	6	91.5	1.44	0.127
6	2.544				0.676	-0.302	5	92.0	2.00	0.096
相对重要性Importance	1.00	0.27	0.40	0.90	0.10	0.84