毛叶秋海棠（Begonia rex Puts.）通常是用叶片进行繁殖。但繁殖系数不高，在短期内要得到大量繁殖植株是有困难的。采用离休叶片进行组织培养，能够做到快速无性繁殖。

The two new oleanolic acid-type saponins were isolated from the rhizomes of Panax stipuleanatus Tsai et Feng whose chemical structure were elucidated to be oleanolic acid- 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→ 3 ) [α-L-ara- binofuranosyl (1→ 4 )]-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (1 ) and oleanolic acid-[28 -O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]- 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→ 3 ) [α-L-arabinofu- ranosyl (1→ 4 )]-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (3 ) and were named stipuleano- side R1 and stipuleanoside R2, respectively.

A new depside, vermicularin (1 ), C18H16O9, mp 221-223℃, has been isolated from the extracts of Thamnolia vermicularis (SW.) Ach. The structure of (1 ) was elucidated as 3'-formyl- 2, 2', 4'-trihydroxy- 4- methoxy- 3-carboxy- 6, 6'-dimethyl-depside by spectral and chemical data. Based on the pharmacologic test, vermicularin (1 ) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic action.

Tbe yields of the essential oil were acquired with 0.8% and 2.6% respectively by steamdistillating of the roots of Kaempferia galanga L. collected at Yunnan and Guangdong. The essential oils were analysed by combination of chromatography, deri-vative preparation and GC/MS/DS. As a result, 31 constituents were identified as the following: α-thujene α-pinene, camphene, benzaldehyde, sabinene, β- pinene, α-phellandrene, Δ3-carene, p-cymene, limonene, 1, 8-cineole, β-phe- llandrene, p-methoxy-styrene, borneol, terpin- 4 -ol, α-terpineol, eucarvone, anisaldehyde, bornyl acetate, thymol, α-terpinyl acetata, cis-ethyl-cinnamate, β-elemene, δ-selinene, trans-etbyl-cinnamate, pentadecane, γ-cadinene, hexa- decane, cis-p-methoxy-ethyl-cinnamat heptadecane, trans-p-methoxy-ethyl-cinnamate.

Species T. pernyi Franch affinis, sed corollae tubo in calyce incluso,ovario ovato pubescenti nec pilis pullosis dense obtecto, stylo crassiusculo linea-re-pyramida1i pubescenti manifeste breviore necnon corollam non superanti differt.

Chelidonium dicranostigma Prain in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta IX, 2: 7, t. 9. 1901, nom. illegit., non Chelidonium dicranostigma Prain in Bull.Herb.Boiss. III: 585. 1895; Dicranostigma lactucoides Fedde ill Eng1. Pf1.-reich. 211. 1909, p. p. quoad. specim. Austro-Tibet.

Species E.Obtusifoliae Benth. et E. schmidtii Craib similis, ab illa caule circiter 15 mm diametro corticato cinereobruneo leticellis tuberulatis cine-reo-albis valde prominentibus instructo, transectione alverolato; lobulis petalarum minute erosis, stigmate coroniformi margine denticulato, calyce pilis versatilibus adpressis obtecto, ab hac praeter characteres praecedentes, nervis foliorum pro- pe marginem anastoxnosantibus, bacca haud globosa differt.

Haec species hahitu affinis B. hastato Tang et Wang, sed differt label1o in ambitu structuraque.Planta minor. Rhizomata repentia, teretia, ca. 1 mm in diametro; radici- bus e basi pseudobulbi oriundis, 2- 3 in fasciculos aggregatis. Pseudobulbi in rhizomate ca. 1 cm distantes, oviformes, 5- 7 mm longi, medio 3- 4 mm lati, basi rhizomati plus minusve appressi, juventute vaginis membranaceis obte- cti, apice unifoliati. Folium ovatum, 8-13 mm longum, medio 5-6 mm latum, apice mucronatum, basi in petiolum ca. 1 mm longum abrupte contortum atte-nuatum.

1. In the present paper 27 species and 4 varieties of the genus Petrocosmea are recognized and classified into three sections defined largely by relative lengths of the upper and lower corolla lips and external morphology of the anther. Of the three groups sect. Petrocosmea is considered the primitive one, while the other two may be both derived from it. The species of each section are mostly closely interrelated and distinguished from each other often by tiny characters. 2. According to the morphological investigations on the genus in question some essential evolutionary trends of it are revealed as follows.

During the 1958-l979 years, at the Yunnan Riogeocoenological Station of Tropical Forest, the writer made a survey of the flora of tropical rain forest by the quadrat method of phytocoenology in Xishuanghanna of the southern Yunnan. Through putting to order the recent materials, the species cormophytes (in- cluding bryophytes, pteridopllytes, gymnosperms and angiosperrms.) have reached a total of 364 in the area of 1.57 ha, distributed among 121 families.

Dalbergia obtusifolia, Dalbergia szemaoensis, Eriolaena spe- ctabilis, Ficus racemosa, Pueraria tvallichii and Flemingia macrophylla are the best host plants of lac insect in Yunnan. According to investigation of regions producing lac, the vegetation conditions of the best growing regions of lac insect in Yunnan, especially relating plant community structure and commu- nity ecology in four of them. On the basis of abundant resources of these host plants and the climatic condition availing the overwintering of lac insects, the paper points out that "warm and hot savannah shrub and grass" and "valley monsoon forest and shrub forest" are the best type for the lac insect and its main host plants in Yunnan.

The authors have measured in situ daily changes in photosynthe-tic rate, its responses to quantum flux density, and CO2 compensation points of wheat plants (Triticum sativum L. c. v. "Fengmai 13" ) grown at both altitude localities of 840m (lowland) and 2150m (highland) during seedling, elongation, heading and early filling stages, respectiyely. The results showed that the feature of daily variation in photosynthetic rate during early growth (seedling and elongation) stages is contrary to that during later growth (head- ing and early filling) stages. During early stages, the photosynthetic rate of winter wheat grown at lowland is higher than at highland. During later stages, on the contrary, the photosynthetic rate of winter wheat grown at highland is higher than at lowland. At the same time, the light saturation point of both

Two components of sweet protein were saparated and characterized：mabinlin I (Ma Ⅰ), the major one, with MW of 11600 and isoelectric point pI of 11.8, and mabinlin II(Ma Ⅱ) with MW of 10400 and pI of 11.3. Another component mabinlin Ⅲ(Ma Ⅲ) with MW of 10200 and pI of about 11.8 was found to be produced during the extraction. Ma Ⅱ contains 84 amino acid residues that are fewer 15 amino acid residues than Ma I, of which 6 residues are Pro. These proteins are all single polypeptide chains lacking Ser and Met. 80 amino acid residues are common in Ma I and Ma Ⅱmolecules in which Arg, Glx and Pro are dominant ones. No SH group was detected. After treatment of reductive cleavage with β-mercaptoethanol in 8 M urea, these protein molecules were transformed into dilners and lost the sweet nature.