植物微卫星分子标记中无效等位基因检测方法的比较与应用

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201414053

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微卫星分子标记因其开发便捷、突变率高、成本较低等优势一直被广泛应用于群体遗传学、保护生物学和分子生态学研究中。近年来二代测序技术、多重PCR方法以及毛细管电泳等新技术的发展和完善，极大地提高了微卫星分子标记的开发和使用效率并降低了使用成本。但是在开展微卫星实验过程中普遍存在的无效等位基因(或称为哑等位基因，null alleles）会对研究结果造成偏差，是微卫星分子标记应用中的最大缺陷之一。然而，长期以来无效等位基因的检测问题并未受到研究者的足够重视。本文通过对国内外相关文献查阅，在对无效等位基因有一个较为深入和全面认识的基础上，对目前无效等位基因的主要检测方法进行全面的介绍和深入的比较。最后，结合研究实例总结出植物微卫星分子标记研究中无效等位基因检测的有效办法。

关键词: 无效等位基因, 微卫星, 哈温平衡法, 亲子代基因型法

Abstract:

Microsatellites remain the most popular markers in the studies of population genetics, conservation biology and molecular ecology because of its ease to development, high mutation rate and lowcost. Nowadays, the improvement of new technologies, such as NextGeneration Sequencing (NGS), multiplexPCR and capillary electrophoresis system have greatly promoted the development and using of microsatellite markers. However, null alleles, one of the most primary defects of microsatellite markers, widely presented in the studies using microsatellite markers, may lead to biased results. Unfortunately, the detection of null alleles has not been paid enough attention. In this review, we attempted to construct an indepth and comprehensive understanding on null alleles detection, and then, applied a detailed comparison for the different methods used to detect the occurrence of null alleles. Finally, we propose a meaningful suggestion for null allele’s detection in plant.

Key words: Null alleles, Microsatellite, HardyWeinberg Equilibrium method, Progeny tests method

中图分类号:

Q 3-3
Q 785

侯盟, 杜芳. 植物微卫星分子标记中无效等位基因检测方法的比较与应用[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(06): 723-729.

HOU Meng, DU Fang. Null Allele Detection in Plant Microsatellite Studies: Comparisons and Applications[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(06): 723-729.

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