中国和越南秋海棠属种子微形态特征及其系统学意义

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201514173

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用光学显微镜（Light Microscope）和电子显微镜（Scanning Electron Microscope）对中国和越南产47种秋海棠属（Begonia Linn.）种子的结构和表皮纹饰进行了观察并赋值分析。种子形状为椭球状、倒卵状和宽倒卵状，尺寸差异明显。种盖形状分为短棒状（Shortclaviform）、火山口状（Broadly nippleshaped）和坛口状（Obtuse）。纹饰分为条纹状（Straight striae）、波浪状纹（Undulated striae）、圆点状纹（Rounded Punctum）和人字状纹（Herringboneshaped Punctum）。主成分分析和聚类分析的结果显示中国秋海棠属种类基于种子纹饰和结构等性状的聚类结果与基于胎座等性状划分的组不完全一致，但种子表面纹饰在种内具有一定的稳定性；种盖形状及种皮纹饰在形态相似种间有一定的差异。种子形态与其传播方式紧密相关，可能是对生境及传播方式的适应。

关键词: 秋海棠属, 种子, 纹饰, 系统学, 分类学

Abstract:

The seed morphology of 47 species in Begonia in China and Vietnam were examined under Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. Seed varied from ellipsoidal to obovoid, sometimes broadly obovoid shape with large variation in size. The shape of operculum could be classified into three types: shortclaviform, broadly nippleshaped and obtuse. There are four types of epidermal ornamentations: straight striae, undulated striae, rounded punctum and herringboneshaped punctum. The principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the classification of Begonia based on the seed micromorphology was incompletely consistent with the traditional classification on the section level based on the placenta; the ornamentation of seeds showed stability in different populations of a species; the operculum shape shows a considerable difference among morphologically similar species. Seed morphological characters may relate to the dispersal patterns which showed an adaptation to the living environment.

Key words: Begonia, Seed, Ornamentation, Systematics, Taxonomy

中图分类号:

Q 944，Q 949

杨珍珍1、2, 陈文红1, 税玉民1. 中国和越南秋海棠属种子微形态特征及其系统学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(4): 376-388.

YANG Zhen-Zhen-, CHEN Wen-Hong-, SHUI Yu-Min. Seed Micromorphology and Its Taxonomic Significance of Begonia (Begoniaceae) in China and Vietnam[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(4): 376-388.

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