iFlora中的种子形态学信息

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201313204

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物种子形态特征的“多样性”和“保守性”在物种鉴别、分类和系统发育研究等方面具有重要价值。本文探讨了种子形态学信息在新一代植物志（或智能装置）iFlora中的应用，提出在iFlora中增加种子形态信息的必要性。种子形态特征不仅可作为iFlora中物种分类鉴定的重要参考性状，验证iFlora中分子鉴定和系统关系研究的结果，同时还能够进一步丰富iFlora中物种数据信息。

关键词: 种子特征, 种子形态学信息, iFlora, 分类, 系统发育关系

Abstract:

The diversity and conservativeness of seed morphological characteristics are extremely important and useful in identifying and classifying plants, and analyzing their phylogenetic relationships. iFlora is the next generation intelligent flora, its ultimate purpose is to help people identify and understand plants precisely and easily. This paper discusses the assistant roles of seed morphological and anatomical characteristics for the development and application of iFlora, and suggests that these characteristics could be incorporated as one of the essential elements of iFlora, which not only will be referred in identifying and classifying plants, but also may be applied to verify the phylogenetic relationships established through the molecular methods. Meanwhile the information of seed morphology can reenrich the contents of iFlora in the description of plant species.

Key words: Seed characteristics, Seed morphological information, iFlora, Classification, Phylogenetic relationships

中图分类号:

Q 944，Q 948.2

杜燕, 张挺, 蔡杰, 杨湘云. iFlora中的种子形态学信息[J]. Plant Diversity, 2013, 35(6): 774-778.

DU Yan, ZHANG Ting, CA Jie, YANG Xiang-Yun. The Information of Seed Morphology in iFlora[J]. Plant Diversity, 2013, 35(6): 774-778.

参考文献

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, 2009. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III［J］. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105—121
Attar F, Keshvari A, Ghahreman A et al., 2007. Micromorphological studies on Verbascum (Scrophulariaceae) in Iran with emphasis on seed surface, capsule ornamentation and trichomes［J］. Flora, 202: 169—175
Barthlott W, Voit G, 1981. Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: Systematic applicabi lity and some evolutionary aspects［J］. Nordic Journal of Botany, 1 (3): 245—355
Barthlott W, 1984. Microstructural features of seed surfaces［A］. In: Heywood VH, Moore DM (eds.), Current Concepts in Plant Taxonomy［M］. London: Academic Press, 95—105
Bentham G, 1880. Euphorbiaceae［A］. In: Bentham G, Hooker JD (eds.), Genera Plantarum, Vol.III ［M］. London: Lovell Reeve, 239—340
Boissier E, 1862. Euphorbieae［A］. In: de Candolle A (ed.), Prodromus systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, Part 15(2) ［M］. Paris: Masson, 1—189
Bruyns PV, Mapaya RJ, Hedderson T, 2006. A new subgeneric classification for Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in southern Africa based on ITS and psbAtrnH sequence data［J］. Taxon, 55: 397—420
Carter S, RadcliffeSmith A, 1988. Euphorbiaceae (part 2) ［A］. In: Polhill RM (ed.), Flora of Tropical East Africa［M］. Balkema, Rotterdam: Brookfield, 409—567
Chen SC (陈士超), Seine NN K, Fu CX (傅承新), 2007. Seed coat morphology of Smilacaceae and its systematic significance［J］. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica (植物分类学报), 45 (1): 52—68
Chen W (陈薇), Liu KM (刘克明), Cai XZ (蔡秀珍) et al., 2007. Micromorphological features of seed surface of fourteen species in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in relation to their taxonomic significance［J］. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 29 (6): 625—631
Corner JH, 1976. The Seed of Dicotyledons, Vo1.1,2［M］. London, NewYork, Melbourne: CambridgeUniversity Press
Cristina G, Edna SD, Eduardo AM, 2012. Characters of seeds, seedlings and young plants of Ormosia arborea (Vell.) Harms and Ormosia fastigiata Tul. (Legpapilionoideae) ［J］. Revista rovre, 36 (1): 37—48
David A, Coomes, Peter JG, 2003.Colonization, tolerance, competition and seedsize variation within functional groups［J］. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 18 (6): 283—291
Ehler N, 1976. Mikromorphologie der Samenoberflchen der Gattung Euphorbia［J］. Plant Systematic and Evolution, 126: 189—207
Esau K, 1977. Anatomy of Seed Plants, second ed.［M］. New York: Wiley
Geltman D, 2006. Species of the genus Euphorbia section Paralias subsection Conicocarpae (Euphorbiaceae) in the Flora of middle Asia and Iranian highlands［J］. Botanicheskii Zhurnal, 91: 1097—1106
Geltman D, 2007. Conspectus systematis subgeneris Esula Pers. generis Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) Eurasiae extratropicae［J］. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshikh Rastenii, 39: 224—240
Grime JP, Hodgson JG, Hunt R, 1988. Comparative Plant Ecology: A Functional Approach to Common British Species［M］. London: UnwinHyman
Hassall DC, 1977. The genus Euphorbia in Australia［J］. Austnalian Journal of Botany, 25: 429—453
Heubl GR, Wanner G, 1996. Samenmorphologische Studien in der Gattung Euphorbia L., Charakterisierung und Bestimmung der in Bayern und angrenzenden Gebieten vorkommenden Arten［J］. Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 66/67: 7—25
Hügin G, 1998. Die Gattung Chamaesyce in Europa. Bestimmungsschlüssel mittaxonomischnomenklatorischen Anmerkungen［J］. Feddes Repert, 109: 189—223
Jaimie A, Mose SH, Loreta GS et al., 2005. Seed coats: structure, development, composition and biotechnology［J］. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental BiologyPlant, 5 (41): 620—644
Joachim P, Anke S, Rainer S, 2000. Adaptations of an orchid seed to water uptake and —storage［J］. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 220 (12): 69—75
Johnson LA, Huish KH, Porter JM, 2004. Seed surface sculpturing and its systematic significance in Gilia (Polemoniaceae) and segregated genera［J］. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 165: 153—172
Juliana VP, Elisngela P, Simone PT, 2010. Morphoanatomical studies of seeds and seedlings of wild indigo, “anileira”, IndigoferaLeguminosae［J］. Acta Botanica Brasilica, 24 (1): 1—7
Khan MS, 1963. Taxonomic revision of Euphorbia in Turkey［J］. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 25: 71—161
Leishman MR, Westoby M, 1994a.Hypotheses on seed size: tests using the semiarid flora of western New South Wales, Australia［J］. American Naturalist, 143: 890—906
Leishman MR, Westoby M, 1994b.The role of seed size in seedling establishment in dry soil conditionsexperimental evidence from semiarid species ［J］. Journal of Ecology, 82: 249—258
Leishman MR, Westoby M, Jurado E, 1995. Correlates of seed size variationa comparison among five temperate floras［J］. Journal of Ecology, 83: 517—529
Li DZ (李德铢), Wang YH (王雨华), Yi TS (伊廷双) et al., 2012. The nextgeneration Flora: iFlora［J］. Plant Diversity and Resources (植物分类与资源学报), 34 (6): 525—531
Liao JP (廖景平), Wu QG (吴七根), 1996. Seed anatomy of the genera caulokaem pferia and pyrgophyllum in China and ITS system ATIC significance［J］. Guihaia (广西植物), 16 (3): 209—215
Liu CJ (刘长江), Lin Q (林祁), He JX (贺建秀), 2004. Methods and terminology of study on seed morphology from China［J］. Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentlia Sinica (西北植物学报), 24 (1): 178—188
Liu WP (刘文平), Wang D (王东), 2011. Seed morphology and Its taxonomic significance in Corydalis DC. (Papaveraceae) from Hubei Province, China［J］. Plant Science Journal (植物科学学报), 29 (1): 11—17
Martin AC, 1946. The comparative internal morphology of seeds［J］. American Midland Naturalist, 36: 513—660
Moazzeni H, Zarre S, AlShehbaz IA et al., 2007. Seedcoat micro sculpturing and its systematic application in Isatis (Brassicaceae) and allied genera in Iran［J］. Flora, 202: 447—454
Moles AT, Falster DS, Leishman MR et al., 2004.Smal1seeded species produce more seeds per square meter of canopy per year, but not per individual per lifetime［J］. Journal of Ecology, 92: 384—396
Moles AT, Ackerly DD, Tweddle JC et al., 2007. Global patterns in seed size［J］. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 16: 109—116
Morawetz JJ, Wagner B, Riina R et al., 2009. Euphorbia seed atlas. Part 1［J］. Euphorbia World, 5: 26—29
Morawetz JJ, Wagner B, Riina R et al., 2010. Euphorbia seed atlas. Part 2［J］. Euphorbia World, 6: 25
Morse DH, Sehmitt J, 1985. Propagule size, dispersal ability and seedling performance in Asclepias syriaca［J］. Oecologia, 67: 372—379
Murley MR, 1951. Seed of the Cruciferae of northeastern north America［J］. The American Midland Naturalist, 46 (1): 11—15, 68—69
Oh IC, Denk T, Friis EM, 2003. Evolution of Illicium (Illiciaceae): Mapping morphological characters on the molecular tree［J］. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 240: 175—209
Oh IC, Anderberg AL, Schonenberger J et al., 2008. Comparative seed morphology and character evolution in the genus Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) and related taxa［J］. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 271: 177—197
Oh lC, 2009. Comparative Seed Morphology and Phylogenetics: Case Studies in Basal Angiosperms (ANITA) and Asterids (Lysimachia, Ericales) ［J］. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 38
Park KR, 2000. Seed morphology of Euphorbia section Tithymalopsis (Euphorbiaceae) and related species［J］. Journal Plant Biology, 43: 76—81
Park KR, Ahn B, Lee K, 1999. Reexamination of sectional classification in Far Eastern Euphorbia subgenus Esula (Euphorbiaceae) using morphological and phenolic data［J］. Journal Plant Biology, 42: 199—204
Pax F, Hoffmann K, 1931. Euphorbiaceae［A］. In: Engler A, Prantl K (Hrsg). Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen, ed 2［M］. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 11—251
Prokhanov YI, 1949. Euphorbia［A］. In: Komarov VL (ed.), Botanicheskii Institut IM. Komarov Akademii Nauk SSSR, MoskvaLeningrad. Flora of the USSR［M］, 14: 233—377
Pu GZ (蒲高忠), Liu QX (刘启新), 2006. The micromorphological features of pericarp surface of Physospermopsis and Trachydium (Apiaceae) in China and its taxonomic significance［J］. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment (植物资源与环境学报), 15 (3): 1—6
Rechinger KH, SchimanCzeika H, 1964. Euphorbiaceae［A］. In: Flora Iranica［M］. Graz: Akademische Druckund Verlagsanstalt, 6: 1—48
Richardson JW, 1968. The genus Euphorbia of the high plains and prairie plains of Kansas, Nebraska, South and North Dakota［J］. The Kansas University Science Bulletin, 48: 45—112
Simon J, Molero J, Blanche C, 1992. Fruit and seed morphology of Euphorbia aggr. Flavicoma, taxonomic implications［J］. Collectanea Botanica (Barcelona), 21: 211—242
Stuppy W, 1996. Systematische Morphologie und Anatomie der Samen der biovulaten Euphorbiaceen［D］(Doctoral thesis). Universitt Kaiserslautern
Svetlana BG, Andrey AG, Valentin VY et al., 2009. Seed surface morphology in some representatives of the Genus Rhodiola sect. Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) in the Russian Far East［J］. Flora, 204: 17—24
Venable DL, Brown JS, 1988.The selective interactions of dispersal, dormancy, and seed size as adaptations for reducing risk in variable environments［J］. American Naturalist, 131: 360—384
Wagner B, Morawetz JJ, Riina R et al., 2010. Euphorbia seed atlas. Part 3［J］. Euphorbia World, 6: 28—29
Webster GL, 1967. The genera of Euphorbiaceae in the southeastern United States［J］. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 48: 303—430
Werker E, 1997. Seed Anatomy. Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie, Bd.10, Teil 3［M］. Berlin: Borntraeger
Westoby M, Jurado E, Leishman M, 1992. Comparative evolutionary ecology of seed sizes［J］. Trends Ecology, 7 (11): 368—372
Wheeler LC, 1943. The genera of living Euphorbieae［J］. The America Midland Naturalist, 30: 456—503
Yasaman, Shahin, HansJoachim et al., 2011. Seed and gland morphology in Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) with focus on their systematic and phylogenetic importance, a case study in Iranian highlands［J］. Flora, 206: 957—973

[1]	Giuseppe Fenu, Gianluigi Bacchetta, S. Christodoulou Charalambo, Christini Fournaraki, Gian Pietro Giusso del Galdo, Panagiota Gotsiou, Angelos Kyratzis, Carole Piazza, Magdalena Vicens, Maria Silvia Pinna, Bertrand de Montmollin. An early evaluation of translocation actions for endangered plant species on Mediterranean islands[J]. Plant Diversity, 2019, 41(02): 94-104.
[2]	杨珍珍1、2, 陈文红1, 税玉民1. 中国和越南秋海棠属种子微形态特征及其系统学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(4): 376-388.
[3]	王泽欢1, Kilian Norbert2, 彭华1. 菊科莴苣亚族黑苞毛鳞菊及其泛喜马拉雅地区相近种的分类杂记[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(4): 401-406.
[4]	王文采. 华西南银莲花属研究随记[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(2): 129-133.
[5]	张永增, 孙文光, 高彩珍, 曹文娟, 张永洪, 李志敏. 瑞香属和荛花属 (瑞香科) 植物叶表皮特征及其分类学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(05): 493-512.
[6]	杨汉奇, 李德铢. 中国竹亚科空竹属的整理[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(05): 546-550.
[7]	杨珍珍1、5, 陈文红1, 盛家舒2, 罗林3, 张嵘梅4, 税玉民1. 秋海棠属孟连秋海棠的补充订正[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(05): 557-562.
[8]	侯学良. 中国红树植物柱果木榄 (红树科) 考证[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(03): 267-270.
[9]	许再富. 傣族的植物认知：命名-含义与分类[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 39-45.
[10]	贾渝, 何思. 中国毛锦藓科植物增补[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(06): 771-780.
[11]	杨晨璇, 陈丽, 王娟, 杨宇明, 李璐. 中国特有属藤山柳属 (猕猴桃科) 的花粉形态及其分类学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(05): 569-577.
[12]	毛星星, 刘贤, 张钢民. 泛喜马拉雅地区铁线蕨属细叶铁线蕨系的分类学修订[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(04): 453-467.
[13]	董洪进, 彭华. 基于形态和分子证据的大花忍冬复合群的种间关系[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(02): 133-141.
[14]	曹小燕, 曹明, 邓敏. 中国水青冈属（壳斗科）叶结构及分类学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(01): 1-6.
[15]	刘瑞瑞,SKOG Laurence E.,廖景平,周太久,温放. 广义报春苣苔属 (苦苣苔科) 的染色体新计数及其分类学意义[J]. Plant Diversity, 2014, 36(01): 13-21.