Abstract: According to the latest system of Wang and Li (2005), there are 59 species and 24 varieties in 6 sections of 3 subgenera in the genus of Clematis in Yunnan, which is the richest province in terms of species numbers in China. The Hengduan Mountains is regarded as centers of origin , differentiation and endemism of the genus. W, NW and NE parts of Yunnan may be closely related to or part of the center of differentiation. There are 56 species ( include varieties ) endemic to China , accounting for 67.2% of Yunnan′s total number of species. There are 16 species (include varieties) endemic to Yunnan, accounting for 35.0% of Chinese endemic number of species distributed in Yunnan. Among the adjacent provinces, Sichuan has the largest common number of Clematis to Yunnan, while Tibet has the smallest, implying their floristic relationships. The floristic links with Myanmar is also relatively weak.

Key words: Clematis