Plant Diversity ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04): 202-207.DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2017.03.001

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Natural selection on floral traits of Caltha scaposa (Ranunculaceae), an alpine perennial with generalized pollination system from Northwest Yunnan

Guopeng Zhanga,b, Lihua Mengb, Zhikun Wua, Zhiqiang Zhanga, Lingjuan Yinc, Yongping Yanga, Yuanwen Duana   

  1. a Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China;
    b School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, PR China;
    c National Technical Secondary School of Lijiang, Lijiang 674119, PR China
  • Received:2016-12-20 Revised:2017-03-16 Online:2017-08-25 Published:2021-11-05
  • Contact: Yongping Yang, Yuanwen Duan
  • Supported by:
    This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers:41271058, 31460096, 31570385).

Abstract: Floral traits, including those invisible to humans but visible to pollinators, that increase pollination efficiency may be selected by pollinators in plant species with pollen limitation of seed production, but the importance of pollinators as selective agents on different floral traits needs to be further quantified experimentally. In the present study, we examined selective strength on flower diameter, flower height, UV bulls-eye size, sepal size and UV proportion via female fitness in Caltha scaposa, based on openpollinated and hand-pollinated flowers, through which pollinator-mediated selection was calculated for each of floral traits. Our results suggest that seed production of C. scaposa is pollen limited in natural conditions. There was directional selection (△βbpollinator=-0.12) for larger flowers in open-pollinated flowers, while no significant selection was found in flower height, UV bulls-eye size, sepal size or UV proportion. Statistically significant selection was found in UV bulls-eye size, sepal size and UV proportion in hand-pollinated flowers, but interactions with pollinators contributed only to flower diameter. We conclude that in C. scaposa, floral traits that are subjected to selection might be driven by multiple selective agents, and suggest the importance of investigating floral traits that are invisible to human but visible to pollinators in measuring pollinator-mediated selection via male fitness.

Key words: Pollinator-mediated selection Floral display Ultraviolet bulls-eye Female fitness Pollen limitation