Abstract: In this present paper, it was dissected and observed that the fruits of 17 species from Chinese Heracleum . According to those items that the fruit morphology, the epidermal hair, the situation of the devel-oped extent of lateral wing on mericarp and the transverse section pattern of endosperm; and distribution pattern of vittae, combined with characters of external shape, pollen morphology, cytology and anatomical characters on petiole, it was divided into 5 sections from the genus Heracleum in this thesis, it was discussed that the probable evolution relationships of the 4 forms of fruit anatomy and the classification system of this genus. It was suggested that Hongduan mountains of Southwestern in China are not only the center of distribution and biodiversity but also the center of variability of this genus. In the end, based on synthesizing the evidence of each branch science, it was revised that the system of Heracleum .

Key words: Heradeum