The arbuscular mycorrhizal status of 65 plant species growing in the dryhot valley of Jinsha River (Binchuan and Yongsheng Counties) was surveyed by means of acid stain after the roots were lysised in alkaline solution.It was found that plants growing in different areas of the dryhot valley of Jinsha River shown a different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal infection and infection intensity.Most of common plant species growing in the dryhot valley of Jinsha River usually formed arbuscular mycorrhizae.The arbuscular mycorrhizal status of a definite plant species in different parts of the river may be relative to its mycorrhizal dependency.

Abstract Lateral buds of Vanilla planifolia were used as explants and cultured on MS (or VW) medium supplemented with IAA (0.1-0.5 mg/1) and 6-BA (1.0-2.0 mg/1). Subcultures were made every 6-8 weeks. Multiplication ratio is 3. Test-tube plantlets, longer than 10 cm, were obtained by transfering the well grown shoots in the medium without 6-BA. In Jinghong, after planting the plantlets in the field, in 31 months, some of the plantlets bloomed.

Abstract The present paper deals with the karyotype study of 6 biotypes of Poncirus. The karyotypes consist of 6 pairs of median and 3 pairs of submedian constructions, belonging to "2A" type of Stebbins symmetry, and show infinitely small differences each biotype. It is worthy of note that the satellites show a certain degree of difference in size, though the positions of a pair of satellite are identical. The origin of large satellite is discussed.

Aastract Preliminary identification of medicinal compounds in the calluses from P. notoginseng, P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium was carried out by TLC. The results demonstrated that the calluses had the potency to synthesize saponin, they also contained the main saponins Rb1 and Rg1. The content of total saponin in the notogin-eng-callus was higher than those in calluses although the growth of notoginseng-callus was lower than ginseng-callus but higher than quinquefolium-callus. Specifically, the notoginseng-callus contained saponin Rh1 which is an anticancer. The results of cell suspension culture of above three plants was similar to those of callus cultures but the growth confirmed increase. In the cell suspension culture of notogiincng, production of saponin proceeded almost in parallel with the cell growth. The optimum time of harvest was culture 30 days. Oligosaccharins as an clicitor not only induced saponin formation but also promoted cell growth, optimum oligosaccharins concentration was about 1.25 ppm. From above studies, the increased dry weight of suspension cell of notoginseng was 178.0 mg and this was up to four times as many as that in original culture callus. The saponin yield in suspension cell reached as high as 20.6 mg which was up to 8.5 times as that of original culture callus.

Abstract Having been stored under about 9 °C, air-proof condition for 24 months, the seeds of Elsholtzia bland a (Benth.) Benth can also keep their ger-mination up to 87%. The whole life of this plant from seeds to its ripeness and withered to yellow is 8-9 months. The essential oil content and chemical components of the wild plants collected from different ecological conditions varied obviously. The essential oil content of the plants growing under cultivated condition, shows a gradually increasing from 0.42% to 0.88%, along with the ripeness of the plant growth and development. There are some certain rules of variation with those main chemical components such as linalool, 1,8-cineol, phenyl alcohone, t-linalool oxide, comphor and borneol. Other components are less varied.

Abstract This paper reports karyotypes of one species and two varieties of the genus Paris and Trillium tschonoskii from Mount Emei of Sichuan. The karyo-types of four species, Paris axialis H. Li, Paris polyphylla Smith var. steno-phylla Franch., Paris polyphylla Smith var. minora S. F. Wang and Trillium tschonoskii Maxim are basically uniform and show that there is an affinity between Paris and Trillium. The karyotypes of them can be expressed by the following formulae; T. tschonoskii 2n = 2x = 10 = 4m + 2m (SAT) + 2st(SAT) + 2t(SAT) + 1B, P. axialia 2n=2x=10=6m+2t+2t (SAT) +2B, P. polyphylla var. stenophylla 2n=2x=10=2m ( SAT ) +4m+2st+2t, P. polyphylla var. minora 2n=2x= 10=4m+2sm+4t. From above karyotype analysis, it is shown that there is an affinity between Paris and Trillium. We can imagine that they had evolved from the same ancient ancestor. But there are some differences in the size, number and presence or absence of the satellites and B-chromosomes. The presence or absence of the B-chromosomes is closely related to the different ecological envtroments.

Abstract Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC. ) Guill. et Perr. var. lanceolata Wall. ex Clarke is a newly recorded plant in China. It is found in the narrow valley region of the middle reaches of Mekong river centered by Xiao Ganlanba in Simao county, Yunnan province, and is characterized by fast-growing and tolerating of hot and drought. Its wood is quite strong and tough. Moreover, its leaf and bark are rich in tannin. This paper deals with the ecological habits, regulation of growth, natural regeneration, seed characteristics and growth speed under cultivating condition of this tree species. The wood structure, properties and uses are discussed in this paper. Experiments show the following data; air dry density 0.896 g/cm3, the sum of compressive strength parallel to grain and static bending strength 1775 kgf/cm2, the modulus of static bending elasticity 203000 kgf/cm2, impact resistance 1.385 kgf • m/cm2. This kind of timber can be used for building and vehicle construction materials, making farm implement, gymnestic equipment and parts of arms. It is deep-rootedness and adapts to dry climate condition, and is a prospective tree species for afforestation in hot and dry region or for tannin and fuelwood plantation. However, this species is threatened seriously in its habitat. Suggestions for efficient protection and reasonable exploitation of the valuable natural resources are made in this paper as well.

Abstract The pollen morphology and ultrastructure of pollen wall of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. were examined with light microscope, scanning electron mi-croscope and transmission electron microscope. The pollen grains have sacci on both sides of body. The sacci are reticulate under LM and SEM. The exine surface contains tuberculate ornamentation under SEM. TEM examination reveals that the pollen wall from top to bottom includes sexine, nexine, incomplete outer intine, inner intine. Sexine is composed of tectum, baculum and foot layer. Nexine is homogeneous in structure and dark in colour. Exine and sacci are made of sporo-pollenin. The incomplete outer intine is composed of callose. The PAS action of the inner intine is positive. It is interesting to note that intine of the pollens kept for one year has changed in structure. Adhesion of the pollen mother cells, tetrad and pollen grains were described and analysed. The pollen morphology and size were various. Heteromorphic pollen grains without saccus, with one saccus, two abnormal sacci, three sacci and four sacci w.ere observed. These sacci are also reticulate under LM and SEM. The rate of the heteromorphic pollen grains is about five percent. The corpora of some heteromorphic pollen grains are larger than that of normal pollen grains. They are maybe polyploid. According to the observations, one of the reasons causing the heteromorphic pollen grains is probably the abnormal development and fusion of PMCs and tetrads.

Abstract Pollen grains of Wightia and related genera of Bignoniaceae and Scrophulariaceae were examined under LM and SEM with an attempt to show how the genus Wightia correlates with the two families and therefore further determine its position systematically, and at the same time to clarify Chinese species within the genus Wightia. The result shows that the size, the character of aperture and the ratio of sexine to nexine of the pollen of Wightia are more similar to that of Scrophulari-aceae than to those of Bignoniaceae, for example the former two taxa have small to medium-sized, 3 -colporate or 2 - 4 colporate (or colpate) pollen grains withsexine equal to nexine.

Abstract After chemical treatment of Jojoba oil, analyses of GC and GC/MS were made for determining the composition of the oil. The result shows no difference from that reported by Thomas K Miwa, Double bond positions of the fatty acids have been elaborated by means of "remote functional group modification" . The Jojoba oil contains mainly the following percentages of fatty acids and fatty alcohol. Fatty acids (%); Hexadec-7C-enoic 0.07-0.1,Octadec-9C-enoic 3.73- 5.92, Eicos-11C-enoic 37.09-38.83, Docos-13C-enoic 7.09-9.29, Tetracos-15C-enoic 0.62-1.11; Fatty alcohol(%); Octadecenoic alcohol 0.21-0.24, Eicosenoic alcohol 16.15-22.07, Docosenoic alcohol 19.93-23.09, Tetracosenoic alcohol 2.96-4.96.

A new steroidal compound, Dresigenin A, was isolated from the root of Dregea sinensis Hemsl. On the basis of mild saponification with 4% K2CO3/H2O+MeOH and spectral studies, its chemical structure was elucidated as 12- 0 -acetyl-20- 0 - ( 2 -methylbutyryl) dihydrosarcostin.

A new secoiridoidal glycoside, jasmisnyioside ( 1 ) was isolated from the fresh leaves of Jasminum mesnyi Hance cultivated in Kunming, Yunnan with jasminin ( 2 ) and jasmoside ( 3 ) . The structure of ( 1 ) was elucidated by means of 13C NMR, 1H NMR and MS.

Species C. iridioidi D. Don affinis sed flore minore, circ. 5 cm diametro, sepalis et petalis purpureis, columna 2.5 cm (non 3.5-4 cm ) longa ,labelli lobo intermedio latideltoideo, purpureo, disco pilis claviformibus pellucidis obsito differt.

Abstract This paper deals with the taxonomical problems of the genus Cynanchum and its allied genera. So far the constituents of 17 species in these genera have been studied. We summarized the constituents, especially the C21 ste-roidal constituents, among which there are 46 C21 steroidal glycosides and 47 steroidal aglycones, of these genera. We classify these aglycones into two basic types of skeletons, i. e. the formal skeleton (skeleton A) and the informal skele-ton (skeletons B, C, and D). Based on this and other scientists' work, we put forth the plausible biogenetic pathway of the Cgi steroidal aglycone. Cynanchum Linn. is a 'difficult taxon' in Asclepiadaceae. E. G. Pobedimova (1953, 1973) , M. Kitagawa (1940, 1959) , K. H. Rechinger (1970) , F. Markgraf (1971) and H. K. Airy Shaw (1973) treated it as several different genera, including Vincetoxicum Wolf. But other taxonomists thought that it is a separate genus. Prof. Tsiang Ying et Li Ping-to (1974, 1977) dealt with Vince-toxicum Wolf as a section of Cynanchum, but they also admitted that their trea-tment must be revised when new evidences of cytology, chemistry and palaeobotany are found.

Arbores ad 7-18 m altae, ut videtur sempervirentes; cortice laticifera. Ramuli juniores 2 - 6 mm crassi, striati, atrobrunneo-nigricanti, sparse lenticil-lati, subglabri, juveniles ut pedunculis petiolisque dense ferrugineo-velutinis, sti-pulae trigulari-lanceolatae, 1-1.2 cm longae, tarde caducae. Folia coriacea, c. 4-24x (1.5-) 5-10 cm, elliptica ad elliptici-vel obovati-oblonga, abrupte brevissime acuminata (acumine 1-1.5 cm longo) , basi late cuneata vel subro-tundeta; paulo obliqua, Integra, supra glabra, nitidula, in sicco atro-olivacea, costa interdum sparse albo-pubescente, subtus cinnamomeo-glaucescentia, costa nervis lateralibusque venulisque prominentibus, reticulato-foveolatis, velutino-puberulentibus; nervi laterales utrinquc c. 7-11 (-15) curvati, subtus prominent!, rigro-brunnei, nervis transversalibus plurimis, parallelibus; petiolus 15-40 mm longus.

Species  affinis B. fangianae(A．Camus)Keng f. et Wen,sed laminis vaginarum erectis，magnis，planis，5—7.5 mm latis；laminis foliorum ad 7.5 mm latir，nervis secundariis 2—3－jugis，racemis simplicibus，involucro longissimo ad basin，spiculis 2-3；paleis saepe haud ciliatis in carinis；antheris 3.5-4.5 mm longis;stigmatibus 3 differt．

Abstract Making an attempt to apply the systematic methods of cladistics to plant taxonomy, the author discusses the systematic position of the genus Craigia W. W. Smith et W. E. Evans. One tendency of cladistics appeared in recent years, i. e. it do not to emphasize ancestors and direct pedigrees, only to take cladogram as a method of classification, provides theoretical basis for this paper. Seven genera, Craigia, Tilia, Mortoniodendron, Burretiodendron, Ma-xwellia, Sterculia and Reevesia selected from Tiliaceae and Sterculiaceae are introduced as the taxa for cladistic analysis. The cladogram shows that Craigia has closest relationship with Maxwellia which is usually placed in Sterculiaceae, but both genera are more related to the members of Tiliaceae than those of Stercu-liaceae.

This paper reports the number of spermatophytic genera endemic (including true-and semi-endemic) to China and their belonged families, and expresses emphatically their origin based on fossil informations and phylogeny of genera and families. There are three tables and five distribution figures.