In the continuing search for biologically active principles of Rabdosia genus plants,we examined the ehter extract of the leaves of Rabdosia glutinosa C.Y.Wu.Li collected in Lijiang of Yunnan,China. The extractive was treated with charcoal to give a syrupy residue,wich was dissolved in small MeOH,then mixed with small quantities of silica gel and dried ,and chromatographed on a silica gel column with petroleum ether,and petroleum ether -ether with increasing ether content as eluent.

Seven steroidal saponins were isolated from dried rhizome of Paris axialis. Among of them a new glycoside Ⅷ had been found .The structure was established by means of MS,1H NMR,13C NMR and chemical methods as follows:24α-hydroxyl-pennogein-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosy 1→2[α-L-arabinofuranosy 1→4]-β-D-glucopyranoside Ⅷ.

From the aerial part of Dioscorea zingiberensis Wright,four steroidal saponins had been isolated. By chemical and physical methods,saponin A was identified as yamogenin-3-O－[α－L-rhamnophyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopy-ranoside,saponin B as 24α-OH-yamogenin-3-O-[α-L-rhamnophyranosyl[(l→2)β-D-glucopyranoside;SaponinC as yamogenin-3-O-[α-L-rhamnophyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-glucopyranosyl(l→4)]β-D-glucopyranoside and saponinDas yamogenin-3-O-[ α-L-rhamnophyranosyl(l→2)[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside.The saponins are new and named zigiberoside A1、A2 A3 respectively.

Drevogenin, a new aglycone was isolated from Dregea sinensis var. corrugata(Asclepiadaceae). On the basis of spcctroscopic analysis and chemi- cal reactions, the structure was established as C/D cis 5α-H、3β、8β、14β、17β8 tetrahydroxy1-12β-O-isovalery1-20-acetyl-pregmame. The molecular formula of C28 H46O8 (M+ at m/z 510) anal. Calcd. for C28 H48O8 (%): C 65.88. H 9.02; Found: C 66.22, H 9.20 The mass spectrum suggests the presence of an isovaleryl and acetyl. Alkali hydrolysis of (I ) with 5% methanolic potassium hydroxide yields dcacyldrevogenin (II) and two acids, i. e. isovaleric and acetic acid. These two acids were estcrified with methanol-surfuric acid to obtain methyl-isovalerate and methyl--acetate. By GLC comparison with authentic specimen relative reten-tion time is the same. In addition, a know compound -β-sitostcrol-β-D-glucoside was isolated from the plant.

Aastract This article reports the structures of two sapogenins of crude sapo- genin from Tupistra aurantiaca Wall et Backer. Sapogenin F was identified as △25 (27 )-pentrogenin (2 ). Sapogenin E, named ranmogenin D, is new compound. Its structure was cstablished as (1 ) by the spectroscopic studies..

Seven free spirostane sapogenins (A-G) and 1β,2β,3β,4β,5β,7α-hexahydroxyspirost-25(27)-en-6-one were isolated by column chromatography from the acetyl acetate extract of the root of Tupistra aurantiaca Wall et Backer. Two of the them were identified as 3-epiruscogenin(1) and 3-epi-neorus -cogenin (2) respectively. Compound C,D and E are new compound,they were nmaed as ranmogenin A,B and C. Their structures have suggested as (3),(4) and (5) respectively,based on analyses using IR,MS,1H NMR 13 C NMR.

Abstract Authers have made experiment on the suitab1e seeding time and plan- ting enviroment, and determined the content of essential oil and main constituent from the leaves of Elscholtzia communis Diels at different growth and develo- pment stages. The results showed that the storage lif e of seeds with germinating power is within 5 -- 6 months at normal temperature, but germinating rate of seeds is only up to 55%. The suitable seeding time is from May to the first ten days of June a year. Both tropical mountainous area over 800 m altitude and sub- tropical regions are fit growing enviroment. In the tropical regions at lower a1ti- tude, seeds can be early sown and harvested, and grown in suitable microenyiroment where soil water is well drained off and natural shade trees are available in the afternoon. The essential oil content of fresh leaves and shoots is gradually increas-ing along ripeness of the plant growth and development with each passing day and is 0.3-0.8%. The main component is citral, its content is 92.3-95.8%, and not obvious variation with different planting site and each growth and deyelopment stages.

Abstract In artificial culture of Dictyophora rubroualvata Zang, Ji et Liu, the growth of mycelium is very slow on the PDA midium The diameter and line argrowth of mycelia are promoted with the respcctive addition of yeast extract. draught beer, L-sparagine, ribonucleic acid in the PAD basal medium. However, the effects are not visible adding peptone, coconut milke,range of pH value for growth of myce1ia in the PDA agar medium is from 4.4 to 5.4, the optimum pH value is 4.7, if pH value is above 6.7 the mycelia could not growth. The fresh weight of fruit-bodies increased with the respective addition of malt extract, corn, sorghum, soybean powder in the saw-dust medium. The effect of mixcd application of soyben and corn, soyben and sorghum is cven than single one, the yield of mushroom is 1- 2 times control's. The moisture content in the culture substrate should be controled at 50-60% levels after spawning.

Abstract Rarity and the degrees of threa tened plants are the basis of asscssnl-ent for the priority of conservation．However the concepts of rarity and the degrees of threatenedness are defined as directional description In home and abroad，that the standards are difficult for us to catch．In accordence with Individual ecology， population dynamic and community ecosystem，the patterns of range，the regional distribution，the spedes limitation of community，the important value of species In community and the population structure of spedes In community have been considered as the expressive messages of rarity and threatenedness．The strength of the messages expressionthen are marked by using a scale of range number between 5 and 1 according to the difference of environmental impact，and then a formu－lation of coefficience of threatenedness is suggested for assessing the categories of threatened spedes．

Ahstract Sequoia sempervirens is an autoallopolyploid with the genomic formtlla AAAABB. Its complement--AA and --B, that belong to Stebbins' "1A" and "1B" karyotypic type respectively, are quite similar to the karyotypes of Metase- quoia glyptostroboides and Seql,oiadendron giganteum (Table 1, 2 ). So some ancient species of Metasequoia and Sequoiadendron may be the two hybrid parents of S. sempervirens, M. glyptostroboides and S. giganteum arc pro- bably direct descendants of them. The present study supports Stebbinsl stlggestion that one ancient species of Metasequoia would be an ancestor of S. sempervi- rens, but does not agree with his hypothesis that another ancestor is extinct and has not left close relatives. The original process of S. sempervirens may be shown. as Fig. l.

Abstract The pollen morphology of 9 species, 9 genera and 3 families (Rhoipteleaceae, Juglandaceae and Betulaceae) has been examined under light micro-scope. The 3 species (Rhoiptelea Chiliantha Diels et Hand.-Mazz., Juglans sigillate Dode. and Betula platyphylla Suk.) were observed under scanning electron microscope. The form of pollen grains on the Rhoipteaceae and Betula L. are all oblate. The polar view was observed. lt likes an obtuse triangle. The type of aperture are all composite aperture and the thickness of extine have arched hyperplasia between porus. The sculpture of extine show finely granulate. The form of Juglandaceae show polygon or triangle and the type of aperture show dispersive porus. The present article has discussed the palyno1ogical data main1y in relation to the classification and systematic position of Rhoipteaceae.

Species M.acuminatae Colla affinis,sed rhachidibus et fructibus glabris; baccis longe oboviformibus vel ellipsoideis. erectis,3-5 angulosis, apice haud rostratis, basi haud curvis; pedicellis ciro. l cm longis differt. 

Abstract This paper a preliminary account on the phytogeographical affinities of Pteridophytes between China and Japan. They are generalized as follows: The Fern--flora between China and Japan is closely related. There are 7 common endemic genera e. g. Ptilopteris, Drymotaenium, Saxiglossum, Chi- eniopteris, Leptorumhra, Cyrtomidictyum, Leptomicrosorium and 461 spe- cies in two countries which occupy 74.5% of the total specics of Japan. A demons-trative composition of Fern-flora from the two countries, perhaps, the majoritis of ferns are Dryopteridaceae and Athyriaceae. It shows that the Fern-flora in two countrics was formed before the Japaese Island separated from the Chinense continent in the end of Tertiary. The Sino-Japan Fern-flora has the same origin and is being parallely developed up to now. Some species of ferns which widely distributed in Japan are scattcrly distributed along the coast of China (or vice versa). We consider that thcse species may be newly added in the last regin.

The new species Pythium hypoandrum Yu & Y. L. Wang exhibits some similarities to P. chamaehyphon Sideris and P. paroecandrum Drcchsler. P. chamaehyphon is distinguished from the new species in having: (1 ) larger oogonia (23--29 pm, av. 26.5 pm in diam.), (2 ) larger oospores (20-27 um, av. 24.3 pm in diam.), (3 ) much large antheridia with more irregular outline, and (4 ) oospores with thinner epispore. On the other hand, P. paroecandrum is different from the new species in having: (1 ) larger antheridia (av. 13.26 x 8.02 um) which are usually sessile, hypogynous and intercalary, (2 ) oogonia which are often in chain and (3 )oospores which are thin-walled (0.8-2.6um, av. 1.59 um in thick-ness).

Haec species proxima H．changhuaensi Y. H．Zhang，a qua racemis longioribtus，laxioribus，siliculis longe obovoideis，stylis longlogioribus sub fructu c． 2 mm longis，seminibus superificie tuberculis minoribus dense munitis recedit．