During the course of our studies on the biologically active constitucnts of Rabdosia plants, we examined the ether extract of thr leaves of Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl .) Hara collecled in Lushan, Henan. A new diterpenoid, Jushanrubescensin (1 ) was isolated together with α-amyrin and ursolic acid. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence, the structure of (1 ) has been established as ent-7β-hydroxy-2α,3α,6β, 11β-fetraacetoxy-16-kauren-15-one.

A new depsidone, cetrariastrumin (1), C22H20O10, mp. l63-165℃, has been isolated from the extracts of Cetrariastrum nepalensis Awas. by means of silicagel column chromatography. The structtlre of (l ) was elucidated as 3-formyl- 4-hydrox--3' -hydrokymethyl-2', 6'-diethoxycarbony1- 6-methyl-depsidone by IR, UV, MS, 1H NMR and 18C NMR spectral data of cetrarias- trumin is presented.

Doliroside A, a main saponin was isolated from the roots of Dolichos falcata Klein., a folk medicine in South China, which was suggested as medi- cagenic acid 23-monomethylate- 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2 ) by means of 13sC NMR, MS and chemical degredation.

The erythrocentaurin I and a new lactone II were isolated from Swertia mileensis T.N.Ho et W. L. Shin. in Yunnan (Chinese name: Qing Ye Dan). The yields of I and II were 0.003% (cald. from whole dry herbs). The II was named swermirin. The structure of swermirin was elucidated by means of UV. IR. 1H, 13C NMR and MS. It was assumed to be aglycone really which was obtained through intramolecular rearrangement by hydrolysis of sweroside and swertiamarin as Fig.2.

Ludongnin, a new spirosecokaurene diterpenoid was isolated from Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) Hara colleeted in Lushi, Henan. The structure was estab- lished from its spectral and chemical evidence. It is the first instance of an ent- kaurene type diterpenoid possessing a γ-lactonic ring in between C6-C19, while all the other known type diterpenoids isolated from Rabdosia species are not γ-lactonic ring in between C6--C19.

The pollen tubes grown in vitro were rich in soluble polysaccharide, particularly in the top growth region at the initial stage of pollen tube develo -pment. The callos pluge gave a positive reaction to PAS. After entering the pollen tube, the generative cell approached the vegetative nucleus before long and sticked each other. Then, two sperms follmed via mitosis division. The intensity of colour in generative nucleus by using Feulgen reaction was deeper than vege- tative nucleus and two sperins forming later. The generative cell and vegetative nucleus gave a positive reaction to PAS stain. As ammnoniacal silver nitrite was used, the generative nucleus appeared yellow-black colour while vegetative nucleus gave a black reaction product. It suggested the existence of arginine-rich hi tone. After the formation of two sperms, the chromation of vegatative nucleus turned to diffusible and the vegtative nucleus made a very feeble response to the Fculgen reaction and A-S staining. The vegetdtive nuclcus was of tell in close proxity tothe sperms.

Despite the attention paid to the Endogonaceus taxonom by I.R.Hall & B.J.Fish (1979), T.H.Nicolson (1968, 1979), J.M.Trappe & J.W. Gerdemann (1974) and others C. Walker (1981, 1982) etc. as yet little is known from China. A recent mycorrhizal exploration in which the authors took part have yielded a species of Glomus new to science. It is Glomus citricolum Tang et Zang. It is found inred-yellow podzolic soils of Citrus orchards of China, t.s current distribution is limited in Province Hunnan. The mycorrhizal associated with the roots of Citrus sinensis Osbeck. and forms vesicular-arbusculartype of endornycorrhiza.

Rhododendron nemorosum R.C.Fang,sp,nov.(Subgen.Rhododendron,Sect. Rhododendron,Subsect.Maddenia)Specics affinis R. pachypodo Balf. f. & W. W. Smith, sed ab co differt essentia1iter corollis minoribus, 1uteis, foliis mi1lorihus, habito epiphytico diffcrt.

Proxima E. leptae(Spreng.)Merr., a qua differt habitu arboreo 30m alto trunco circ.40cm diam.,fo1iis trifolio1atis cum pefio1o 20-25cm longis,fo1iolis 9-16cm 1ongis et 4-7cm latis,,costis et neryis 1atera1ibus supra prominentibus puberulis,,seminibus majoribus 4mm longis, 3mm crassis,subtriangularibus pa11ide castaneis p1us minusve nitidis.

Affine certe Polygonum ciliiinerve(Nakai)Ohwi,quod foliis subtus pilis brevissimis es glanduliferis tectis,margine haud denticulatis;bracteis angustioribus ovato-lanceolatis;stylis subsessilibus differt.

Species a D.calicopi Ridl. similis, sed labello villoso, mento breviore, foliis minoribus differt. Herba epiphytica. Caules 3- 6 in fasciculis, carnosi, graciles, ex parte superior paulo flexuosi, 10-30 cm alti et 0.3-0.4 cm diam., 8-20 nodes, internodiis 1- 2 cm longis, flavoyirentil caules Yeterni vaginis persistentibus cinereis obtecti. Folia dichotoma, 7-10, plus minusve coriacea, smaragdina.

Species nostra proxima P. megalochilae Li et P. nIegalanthae Don, a priore corol1ae tubo multo longiore usque 5cm longo, calyce antice ad medium fisso; ab altcra corolla f1ava, foliis minoribus 1-2.5cm 1ongis satis diffeft.

Three tropical orchid genera, namely Porpax, Callostylis and Acriopsis, are described in the present paper as being new to China. Each is represented by one species. They are all found in southern Yunnan.Porpax ustulata (Par. et Rchb. f. ) Rolfe was collectcd by C. W. Wang (no. 75398) in Nan Chiao (now Meng Zhe) at an altitude of 1450 m. in June 1938. The only available specimen contains several flowering plants. They are identical with those illustrated by G. Seidenfaden in Bot. Tidsskr. 72: 9, fig. 7. 1979, except the lip which is shortly fimbriate at the anterior margin in our plants.

Species habitu affinis P. fargGsii Fr. sed ovario 4-6-1opculari placentis axilibus, rhizomate saepissime rarnoso, perianthii segmentis interioribus longio-ribus 5.5-6cm 1ongis, exteriora multo superantibus, staminibus numero segmen-tis, exterioribus trip1o aequa1ibus, patentibus, longioribus quam pistil1o, ad 1.3cm longis, connectivis supra antheras productis, acutis circ. 1mm longis differt.

Sect. Rapiferae Fedde is the best section in genus Corydalis Vent. The main characteristics of this section lie in the thickened, fleshy, fusiform roots,and besides the longpetiolate basal leaves, the stem is keeping simple with only few cauline leaves and without leaves growing below, graduslly becoming Ulamentose towards the base. It could be divided into four series according to the different characteristics of leaf division, they are: Ser. 1. Appendiculatae C.Y.Wu et H. Chuang, of which the cauilne leaves are ternately or 2- 3 -pinnately or 2- 3-palmately divided; Ser. 2. Curviflorae C.Y.Wu et H.Chuang.