Two new steroidal glycosides, pennogenin- 3 -O-β-D--glucopyranosyl(1 →3 ) [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 2 ) ] -β-D-glucopyranoside (I ), 24α-hydroxyl- pennogenin- 3 -O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→ 3 )[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2 )] -β-D-glucopyranoside (III), and diosgenin- 3 -O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1 →3 ) [α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 2 )]-β-D-glucopyranoside (II ) were isolated from dried rhizoma of Paris axialis H.Li, which is new species in Yunnan. Their structtlres were deterrnined by means of the spectral analysis (l3C NMR and MS). The sapogenin of (III)was elucidated as 24α-hydroxyl-pennogenin and it is a new sapogenin. It is interesting that all of them have same glycosyl groups and is only different in aglycone moiety.

This paper reports the chemical constituents of the leaves oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Bl. growing in the Xishangbanna, Yunnan. By taking advantage of PGC, JR and some chemical methods, r17 chromatographic peaks were observed by means of GC, of which 12 constituents were identified as follows: α-pinene, α-phellandrene, p-cymene, linalool, a-terpineol, β-caryophyllene, benzyl acetate, cinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, cinnamyl acetate, eugenyl acetate, benzyl benzoate. Contents of the above 12 compounds are more than 98 percent in all oil. Five of them, i. e. α-phellandrene, benzyl acetate, cinnatnyl acetate, eugenyl acetate, benzyl benzoate have not been reported previously.

The dried roots of Heracleum candicans Wall. were extracted with ether, and the extract chromatographed over alumina. lt afforded five known furano- coumarins and one known simple coumarin which were identified as bergapten, heraclenin, beraclenol, isopimpinellin, xanthotoxin and suberosin. In addition, the 13C NMR spectral data of heraclenin, xanthotoxin and sub- erosin are presented.

The seed plumule of Ginkgo biloba Linn.was cut into 2- 3 sections and cultivated in the culture medium White + 2, 4-D2 mg/litre + NH.Cl 5.34-53. 49 mg/litre + LH200-400mg/litre and then inducrf the formation of callus, the buds on the pumular axis of each section were formed in 10-25 clays, and then they were transplanted to the above-mentioned medium supplemented with 0.05% of activted carbon. After 6-10 days these buds wil1 takc roots and grow up to form plants.

This paper was written on the basis of the investigation of biomass of the mountainous humid evergreen broad-leaf forest in Ailao mountains, Yunnan, at April-May, 1982. This paper, with the Lithocarpus xylocarpus forest as its main object, is a preliminary study to make use of the harvest method for the evergreen broad-leaf forest ecosystems biomass in subtropical region. The authors give much emphasis discussed and analysed the problem on the community biomass, biomass of every structural layer and the essential species of community as well as the vertica1 distribution of root systems and the relationship of above ground parts and root systems etc. All these can be used as the reference of some departments and units concerned.

The present paper deals with a study of the karyotypes of two species of the genus Lycoris Herb.---L. anhweiensis Y. Hsu et Fan and L.chinensis Traub. The number of cbromosomes in root-tip cell of these two species has been found to be K(2 n) = 16 (Fig. 1 and 2 ), both species exhibited bimodal karyotypes with 6 V-shaped and 10 I (rod) -shaped chromosomcs each. Accor- ding to Levan et al., the karyotype formulas of L. anhweiensis and L. chinensis are therefore K (2n) = 16= 6 m + 4t+ 6t(SAT) and K (2n) = 16 =6rn + 6t+2t (SAT) respectively. The chromosome count and karyotype of the former species is reported for the first time.

Planta rubusta,Epidermis caulina stratis plerumque 2-3,fibrosa,Folia caulina elongato-lingulata,3.8-4.3 mm longa,1.2-1.5 mm lata,multifibrosa et multiporosa.Folia ramulina rotundato-vel clongato-ovata, ad 2 mm longa, 1.8- 2 mm lata, interiore folii prope margines laterales paucipori magni rotundi; dorso folii pori in cellularum angulis bini ternive. Cellulae cllorophyl- liferae sectione transversali anguste trangulae, dorso foliorum inclusae. Odor aromaticus.

Species nova affinis Roegneriae alashanicae Keng，Sed distinctioribus rhizomatibus longioribus，spicis longioribus,spiculis 5—12, glumis et limmatibus apicibus Sobtusis,antheris longioribus differt．Elytrigiae intermediae （Host）Nevski affinis，sed culmistenuibus，glumis persistentibus differt.

Proxima Clausenae lanceae(Lour.）Skee1s，quae differt fructu oblongo nigro et nitido，minore; calycis 4-lobis,extus denso pubescentibus; foliis,ramuliis Pedecellis que puberullis;inflorescentiis axillaribus simulque terminalibus.

Species a specebus congeneribus abhorret,a qua floribus magnis,staminibus 33-35,stylo 5-5.5 mm longo bene distince.Arbuscula 8 m alta, 20 cm diam;ramulis hornotinis crassis, teretibus, gla-bris. Gemmae terminales lanceolatae acu-minatae, glabrae vel puberulae.

Species nova H.coronario Koen similis,sed laminis foliorum subtu dense appresso-villosis haud pubescetibus,vaginis bracteis bracteolis calycibusque cum rhachibus appresso-villosis.

A I.kengii S.-Y.HU (1950) affinis sed ramulis et gemmis terminalis, dense cinerascentibus puberulento-strigillosis, stipujter membranaceis minutis 0.1 mm longis vel minus fugacibus cito caducis, petiolis denso cineracentibus puberulinto-strigillosis aliquado subglabris laminis versus,laminis foliorum mino-ribus 4-7.5cm logis 1-2 cm latis basibus acutis ad attenuatis apicibus.

Species S.chienii Stib.affinis,sed verticillastris regularibus,corollis ad 15 mm longis,corollae tubis intus ad faucem non barbatis,stylis omnino parce retrorse pubesentibus differt.

Chiogenes is a genus of little size in Ericaceae with 3 species. It has an interrupted distribution in south-west China, Japan and east North America. The present paper recognizes Chiogenes as a distinct genus and its syste- matic position ought to be in the Gaultherioideae. The genus has 3 species and 1 variety as follows: 1. C. suborbicularis (W. W. Sm.) Ching comb. nov. 1a. var. suborbicularis 1b. yar. albiflorus T. Z. Hsu, var.nov. 2. C. japonica A. Gray 3.C. hispidula (L.) T. & G.

Sichuan Province is rich in pteridophytes. Up to date, there are 52 families4),127 genera representing 763 species be recognized. This is only less than the number of pteridophytes in Yunnan Province, and comes in the second place among the provinces of China. Of the great number of species and complex systematical elements, the Dryo- pteridaceae, Athyriaccae and Polypodiaceae are most important and about 23%, 15%, l3% of the total number of species respectively. They constitute the main part of the flora, however, the advanced systematic position of them especially the Polypodiaceae is well knom.

Affinis Chirtae D.Don，a qua corolla elongata，tubo tenuiter cylindrico limbo 2.5-3－plo lonaiore，filamentis rectis，stylo apjce 2－lobato，busintus ntus Stigmatosis differt.

The current classifications of Angiosperms available today, such as those of Hutchinson, Takhtajan, and Cronquist, etc., are by no means phylogenetic because they neither reflect the ancestral conditions nor the direction of evolution trends of angiospermous history. The two-dimensional tree-likc diagrams used in the different schemes of classification to represent both the cvolutionary and the classificatory components are untenable. Dahlgren's three-dimensional graphic representations of phylogenetic trees in transection in expressing the present-day relationships befween the living plants are more satisfactory. For the full represen-tation of evolutionary relationships, multi-dimensional diagrams would be more desirable.