不同产地车前种子重量、萌发特性及其影响因子

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201313050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用国内8个省21个居群的车前（Plantago asiatica）种子，测量其在15℃，15%平衡相对湿度下的重量；通过25/10℃下的萌发实验，统计了种子的萌发率及腐烂率，并通过未萌发新鲜种子的比例对种子可能的休眠程度做出估计。收集采集地的地理及气象信息，对车前种子重量、萌发率、腐烂率及休眠率与地理及气象因子之间的关系做双变量相关分析。结果表明，车前50粒种子的重量在0.0047~0.0408g之间，平均值为0.0156g；种子重量与分布区降水量呈极显著的正相关性，同时温度与种子重量也有显著的正相关性；随着温度升高与降水增多，种子重量呈增大的趋势。腐烂率与海拔呈极显著的负相关性，而与经度、年均温及降水量呈极显著的正相关性；休眠率与年均温及降水量分别呈显著或极显著的正相关性。随着海拔升高、经度减少，温度及降水量下降，车前种子的腐烂率呈下降趋势，休眠程度也逐渐降低；因此西部高海拔地区分布的车前种子具有较浅的休眠及较高的库存活力，因而萌发率较高。车前种子在重量、休眠及萌发习性方面的多样性是其对不同环境适应的一种表现。

关键词: 车前, 种子重量, 萌发, 休眠, 地理因子, 气候因子, 相关性

Abstract:

Seeds of Plantago asiatica were collected from 21 populations distributed in 8 provinces of China. Average 50 seed weight was measured at 15℃, 5% equilibrium relative humidity. Germination test was conducted at 25/10℃, and germination ratio as well as decay ratio was obtained. The dormancy status of the seeds was estimated by calculating the proportion of freshly ungerminated seeds. Fifty seed weight is ranged from 0.0047g to 0.0408g with an average value of 0.0156g. Bivariate correlations between seed weight, germination ratio, decay ratio as well as dormancy status and geographic as well as meteorological factors of the collection sites were conducted. Seed weight is positively correlated with precipitation and temperature at a significant level of P＜0.05 and P＜0.01 respectively, thus plants from the environment with higher precipitation and temperature tend to produce heavier seeds. The decay ratio has positively significant correlations with longitude, temperature and precipitation at the level of P＜0.01; and has a negative significant correlation with altitude at the level of P＜0.01. The dormancy ratio positively correlated with temperature at the level of P＜0.05 and with precipitation at the level of P＜0.01. Over all, seeds from high altitude in the west with a lower temperature and precipitation germinated better than seeds from lower altitude in the east, this is considered to be due to a lower ratio of decay and a lower dormancy level. These different traits reflected the different adaptation in different environments.

Key words: Plantago asiatica, Seed weight, Germination, Dormancy, Geographic factors, Meteorological factors, Correlation

中图分类号:

Q 945

胡枭剑, 李爱花, 杨娟, 秦少发, 亚吉东, 杨湘云. 不同产地车前种子重量、萌发特性及其影响因子[J]. Plant Diversity, 2013, 35(3): 310-316.

HU Xiao-Jian, LI Ai-Hua, YANG Juan, QIN Shao-Fa, Ya Ji-Dong, YANG Xiang-Yun. Seed Weight, Germination and Their Correlation with the Geographic and Meteorological Factors of Seeds from Plantago asiatica in China[J]. Plant Diversity, 2013, 35(3): 310-316.

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