Genetic Involvement of Camellia taliensis in the Domestication of C.sinensis var. assamica (Assimica Tea) Revealed by Nuclear Microsatellite Markers

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201514048

Abstract

Abstract:

The levels of genetic diversity and population structure were assessed for 104 ancient tea plants from three Camellia taliensis populations, three Csinensis var. assamica populations and two transitional populations of Ctaliensis based on data from 11 nuclear microsatellite loci. In this study, a relative low genetic diversity was revealed for all three population groups. The average number of alleles (Na) was 485, the average Shannon’s diversity index (I) was 117, the average expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 059 and 052 respectively, for the studied populations. The level of genetic diversity of Ctaliensis was lower than for Csinensis var. assamica and the transitional Ctaliensis. An AMOVA analysis indicated a significant genetic differentiation (FST=0305) between populations of Csinensis var. assamica and Ctaliensis. Most of the genetic variation was partitioned within population of Csinensis var. assamica (9351%) and Ctaliensis (8941%), and a low partition among populations (649% and 1059%, respectively). Populations of Csinensis var. assamica and Ctaliensis (including the transitional populations of Ctaliensis) formed two distinct genetic clusters in a principal component analysis (PCoA) and in STRUCTURE clustering, which suggests that the transitional populations of Ctaliensis originated mainly from Ctaliensis, and then followed somewhat genetic differentiation during the process of domestication. Gene introgression was detected in the cultivated Csinensis var. assamica and Ctaliensis from the same tea garden, and genetic material of Ctaliensis apparently infiltrated into Csinensis var. assamica. This study demonstrated that Ctaliensis was genetically involved in the domestication of Csinensis var. assamica. Finally, suggestions on how to protect the genetic resources of ancient tea plants are discussed on the findings in this study.

Key words: Camellia sinensis var. assamica, Camellia taliensis, Domestication, Genetic diversity, Microsatellite (SSR), STRUCTURE clustering

CLC Number:

Q 16
Q 949.9

LI Miao-Miao, MEEGAHAKUMBURA M. Kasun, YAN Li-Jun, LIU Jie, GAO Lian-Ming. Genetic Involvement of Camellia taliensis in the Domestication of C.sinensis var. assamica (Assimica Tea) Revealed by Nuclear Microsatellite Markers[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(01): 29-37.

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