Based on ivestigation and statical analyses,the flora of seed plants of Fengyangshan Nature Reserve(Mt. Fengyangshan) in Zhejiang Province is studied in the present paper.There are 1448 species and varieties,659 genera and 164 families of seed plants in the nature reserve. The areal types of families,genera and species are analyzed respectively. The pantropic type of families reaches 40.9%,cosmopolitan type 20.7%,and north temperate one 19.5% according to the statisics of plant families,which indicates that temperate elements are less than tropic ones(47:81). The pantropic type is 20.5%,the north temperate type is 18.0% and the East Asia one 17.1% at generic level,and the temperate elements are slightly more than tropical one(308:277).

On the basis of Wu's classification of distribution types of the Chinese seed plants,in which 3238 Chinese seed plant genera are classified into 15 types ad 34 subtypes,this paper discusses briefly the affinities between the Chinese flora and those of other regions of the world as well as the role of the CHinese flora in the origin of angiosperms.The main conclusions are summarized as follows:(1)The affinity with the flora of tropical Asian region;(2)The affinity with the flora of the Mediterranean region;(3)The affinity with the flora of central Asian region;(4)The affinity with flora of the European region(exluding the Mediterraneaen region);(5)The affinity with the flora of Australasia;(6)The affinity with the flora of tropical Africa;(7)The affinity with the flora of tropical America;(8)The affinity with the flora of North America;(9)Althought the role of the Chinese flora in the orgin of angiosperms has been a matter in dispute,undoubtedly there do exist many primitive families of angiosperms in the Chinese flora,such as the Eucommiaceae,Eupteleaceae,Cercidiphyllaceae and Tetracentraceae etc..Many linking groups,which connect different genera or different familes,also occur in the Chinese flora.

A new diterpenoid named yunnancoronarin E(1),was isolated from the rhizomes of Hedychium yunnanense Gagnep. Its structure was elucidated as 13β-furanolabda-8(17), 11-dien-6β, 7α-diol by spectra methods.

Eight steroidal compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Aspidistra elatior collected form Yongshan County of Yunnan Province,China. AMong them ,six known compounds were identified as (25S)-3β-hydroxy-spirost-5-ene 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→)［β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)］-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside(1),(25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-5-en-3β,22ζ,26-triol3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→)［β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)］-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside(2), tupiloside H (3), neopentrogenin 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), tupstroside G(6)and neopentrogenin (7).

From the rhizomes of Hemsleya amabilis,three sapionins of oleanolic acid were isolated,named hemslosides-Am1,-Mal and Ma3. Their structures have been elucidated as 3-O-α-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)- β-glucuronide of oleanolic acid，28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester of oleanolic acid 3-O-α-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)- β-glucronide and 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester of oleanolic acid 3-O-［β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→2)］-［α-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)］- β-glucuroide respectively.In addition,cucurbitacins,cucurbitacin II gkycisude,oleanolic acid and β-sitosterol were obtained.

Two new C27 steroidal glycosides nominated cixi-ophiopogon A (2) and B(3) together with a known ophiogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(1)were isolated from the tubers of famous traditional Chinese herb-Ophiopogon japonicum.The spectroscopic and chemical evidences revealed their structures to be ophiogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)［β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)］-β-D-glucopyranoside(2) and ophiogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)［β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)][β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)］-β-D-respectively(3).

By means of column chromatography of sephadex and macroprous resin, a new flavonol glycoside,saluenin,was isolated from the fresh leaves of Camellia saluenensis together with ten known pheolic compounds. The structure of saluenin was identified as quercetin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucpyranoside by spectral data and chemical methods.

Four know ergosterols,5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol 1,5α,8α-epidioxy-(24S)-ergosta-6-en-3β-ol 2,and (24S)-ergosta-7-ene-3β,5α,6α-tirol 3,(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6α-riol and D-allitol and stearic acid have isolated from the fruiting bodies of Russula cyanoxantha,their structures were determined by means of spectral methods. It is the first to eport the report the isolation of compound 3 and D-allitol from higher fungi.

From the tubers of Gastrodia elata Bl.,collected in Guizhou Province,four compounds together with β-sitosterol and dauocsterol were isolated.Their structures were determined as follows as based on spectral data:gastrodamine[di-(p-hydroxyl benzyl)hydroxylamine,](I),L-pyroglutamic acid (II),6-methyl citrate(III) and 1,5-dimethyl cirate(IV). Among them gastrodamine (I) us a new compound,compound II and IV are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Phytochemical investigationof the plant Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium Moldenke afford a novel condensation compound of a monoterpene acid with a monosaccharide dervative ,named serratumin A(1),and five known compounds(2-6) which have been isolated from the plant source for the first time. Their structures were chracterized by spectral methods (including 2D NMR technique).

From the seeds of Annona squamosa L.,compounds 1,2 and 4 were obtained. COmpounds 2 and 4 are known compounds motrilin(2) and bullatanocin (4). Based on the spectra analysis of IR ,MS,1H NMR and 13C NMR,the structure of compounds 1 was eluicidated as (1) and named 22 -epi-molvizarin.

Effects of eight basic media on callus grwth and flavoniods production of Saussurea medusa were different. MS medium was rether suitable for callus growth and flavooids production. Carbon source,nitrogen source and plant hormone had the obvious effects on the callus growth and flavonoids production. The maxiimum callus yield and flavonoids prodcution in the M-13 medium modified from MS medium reached 21.00g DW/L and 1.89 g/L, and increased 33% and 82% than those in MS medium respectively. The results of Preliminary identification by TLC and HPLC methods demonstrated that the callus cultured on both M-13 medium and MS medium had the cpability to synthesize jaceosidin and hispidulin. The percentages of jaceosidin and hispidulin in the flavonoids were 22%-24% and 0.15%-0.17% respectively,but they were not very different between the callus cultured on MS medium and M-13 medium.

Gynostemma penaphyllumis a dioecious species with male-biased sex ratio in natural condition. In this paper ,the authors examined foraging behavior and reproductive stategies in the species in the same habitat based on the methods of comparative ecology. The preliminary results and conclusions are shown as follows:the ratio of biomass allocation to main branch in the male population is obviosly more than that in the female population,which implies the vegetative reproduction in the raios of biomass allocation other parts female and male popupation enhance greatly. In contrast, there are not much different in the raios of biomass alocation to other parts between the populations.

The prestent paper reports embryological characters of Tripteropsermum cordatum(Marq.) H.Smith for the first time and discusses the systematic relationships of Tripterospermum. Anthers are tetrasporangiate. The development of anther walls conforms to the Dicotyledonous type. The tapetal cells orgin from the primary parietal cells,and thus the tapetum is of single orgin. The development of the tapetum with uninucleate cells is of the Glandular type. The tapetal cells on the connective side show raidal elongation or periclinal division and intrude into the anther locule to from placenoids. The anther wall has only one middle layer;the endothecium persists and its cells become pillar and fibrous,and the epidermis degenerates.

In this paper ,the authors report the systematic study of pollen grains of Maloideae(Rosaceae),including Dichotomanthes,Cotoneaster,Pyracantha,Crataegus,Osteomeles,Stranvaesia,Photinia,Eriobotrya,Rhaphiolepis,Sorbus,Cydonia,Docynia,Chaenomeles,Pyrus,Malus and Amelanchier in China. The above genera have tricolprate pollen grains.The shape of grainsis subspheroidal to prolate.The pollen grains of Maloideae have the biggest size in four subfamilies of Rosaceae.The biggest one was seenin Cratagus pinnatifida with the size of (28.85-45.65)μm.

This paper reports several nomenclatural changes in the Bambusoideae(Gramineae) in the flora of Yunnan. These include a new name (Bambusa tengchongensis),a combination (Bonia saxatilis var.solida), a new synonym(Cephalostachyum scandens Hsueh & Hui as the synonym of C.scandens Bor). Neomicrocalamus microphyllus is identified as an invalid name and is a synonym of Racemobambos prainii. For the first time ,Bonia is recorded in Yunnan and Cephalostachyum mannii in China. As a result,geographical distributions of Bonia and Cepalostachyum are also discussed briefly.

The structure and surface of leaves and stems of four mosses in Xinjiang were observed.The results indicate that in Encalypta rhbdocarpa Schwager. the structure of the stem is similar to the internal cortex of (glandular hairs) of seed plants. The collenchyma (corner-thickeneded cells) in the central axis of stem and sclerenchyma in cortex of stem have well developed in Grimmia laevigata(Brid,)Brid. There are minitype stereid cells in the costa of leaves in Weisia controversa Hedw. The stem of Tortula reflexa Li is edye -like and there is a thick bark-like epidermis on stem.