Two new species from Sulawesi and Borneo facilitate phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Engelhardia (Juglandaceae)

doi:10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.003

Plant Diversity ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (06): 552-564.DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.08.003

• Research paper • Previous Articles Next Articles

Two new species from Sulawesi and Borneo facilitate phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Engelhardia (Juglandaceae)

Hong-Hu Meng^a,f, Can-Yu Zhang^a,b, Shook Ling Low^c, Lang Li^a,g, Jian-Yong Shen^d, Nurainas^e, Yu Zhang^a,h, Pei-Han Huang^a,h, Shi-Shun Zhou^f, Yun-Hong Tan^f,g, Jie Li^a,g

a. Plant Phylogenetics and Conservation Group, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China;
b. Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China;
c. Bonn University Botanic Gardens, Meckenheimer Allee 171, D-53115 Bonn, Germany;
d. The Center for Gardening and Horticulture, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China;
e. Department of Biology, Faculty of Math. & Nat. Sci., Andalas University, Padang 25163, West Sumatra, Indonesia;
f. Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar;
g. Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China;
h. University of Chinese Academy of Science, 100049, Beijing, China

Received:2022-01-27 Revised:2022-08-11 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2022-12-13
Contact: Jie Li,E-mail:jieli@xtbg.ac.cn
Supported by:
The fieldwork in Sarawak (Borneo, Malaysia) was conducted under the research permit no. (90)JHS/NCCD/600-7/2/107/Jld.2 and park permit no. WL45/2019. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42171063); Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. Y4ZK111B01); Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (No. 2018432); and the CAS “Light of West China” Program.

Abstract

Abstract: Engelhardia, a genus of Juglandaceae (the walnut family), is endemic to tropical and subtropical Asia. The rich Cenozoic fossil records and distinctive morphological characters of the living plants have been used to explore the evolutionary history and geographic distribution of Juglandaceae. However, the taxonomy of this genus has been suffered from a lack of in-depth investigation and good specimens across its distribution ranges. Species delimitation of Engelhardia was defined with seven species in 2020, but detailed information on the circumscription of the species still remains poorly understood. In this study, two new species are described from Sulawesi and Borneo, Engelhardia anminiana and E.?borneensis. We also revised and reconstructed the phylogeny within Engelhardia using morphological, molecular (plastid and ribosomal), and distribution data. We sampled 787 individuals in 80 populations, and all the samples were genotyped using plastid regions, trnS-trnG, rps16, trnL-trnF, psbA-trnH, and rpl32-trnL; one ribosomal region, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS). The all datasets were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships. Then, the molecular analyses were combined for 738 sheets of specimens with 15 morphological characteristics to further explore the morphological clusters of Engelhardia. Cluster analysis using morphological data confirmed the delimitation of nine Engelhardia species. Also, phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data (i.e., plastid and ribosomal) supported the monophyly of Engelhardia and generated phylogenetic trees that included E.?fenzelii, E.?roxburghiana, E.?borneensis, E.?hainanensis, E.?anminiana, E.?serrata, E.?villosa, E.?apoensis and the varieties of E.?spicata (i.e., E.?spicata var. spicata, E.?spicata var. rigida, E.?spicata var. aceriflora, and E.?spicata var. colebrookeana). Our comprehensive taxonomic revision of Engelhardia will provide an insight into understanding the plant diversity in tropical and subtropical Asia.

Key words: Engelhardia, Taxonomic notes, Morphological clustering, Phylogeny, Distribution

Hong-Hu Meng, Can-Yu Zhang, Shook Ling Low, Lang Li, Jian-Yong Shen, Nurainas, Yu Zhang, Pei-Han Huang, Shi-Shun Zhou, Yun-Hong Tan, Jie Li. Two new species from Sulawesi and Borneo facilitate phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Engelhardia (Juglandaceae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(06): 552-564.

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Two new species from Sulawesi and Borneo facilitate phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Engelhardia (Juglandaceae)

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