A new triterpenoid compound have been isolated from Prunella his-pida Benth. Based on chen1ical reaction and spectral evidence, the structure of triterpenid compound is 1, 2-2α-dihydroxy usolic acid, and named ursolic acid.

Rabdosia rubescens Hara f. lushanensis Gao et Li which has been used for the treatment of esphagel and cardial carcinoma in Henan.We have repor- ted the isolation and the structural determination of lushanrubescensin A, B, C and D from the dry leaves of this plant collected in Lushan, Henan. In the pre- sent paper,we report studies on a new crystalline diterpenoid, lushanrubescensin E [C24.H34O7, mp 215-217 .5℃, [ α]D19- 77.5° isolated from the ether extract of the leaves of same plant. Lushanrubescensin E is another active principle for the treatment of esphagel and cardial carcinoma and its structure has been shown to be ent-2a, 11 β-dihydroxy-3α 6β-diacetoxy-16-kauren-15-on (1 ) from spec- troscopic and chemical cyidcnces, as well as from comparisoil its data with that of known coJnpounds, lusllanrubescensin A, B, C and D. Based on the preliminary antineoplastic activity test, (1 ) show a significant cytotoxicity against Ehrlich carcinoma ccll in vitro. The results will be published elsewhere.

On the studies of the 1H NMR spectra of steroidal sapogenins which have some hydroxy groups in ring A and B, we found that 10--OH tsolvent shift of d5-pyridine on 19-Me are about 0.30 ppm, in △5-series; 1β, 5β, and 6β OH solvent shifts of d5-pyridine on 19-Me are about 0.15 ppm, respectiyely, in 5β-series. Comparing with the sapogenins which have no OH of 1β-, 5β-, and 6β-positions, we found that the 19-Me chemical shifts (in C,D,N) of sapogenin- shaving 16-OH, 1β-. 5β-OH, and 1β-, 5β-, 6β-OH shift to lower field about 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 ppm, respectively.

In this paper author reports on the change in nitrogen contents in leaf blades and stem+sheath of rice grown at different altitude localitics: Yuan- jiang (about 400 m alt. ), Kunming (about 1900m), Dali (about 2000 m) and Lijiang (about 2400 m), Yunnan, respectively, from 1983 to 1985, and has com- pared their differences. The main results tested are as follows: The nitrogen contents in leaf blade and stem+ sheath of rice vary with the progress of growth period duration under conditions of their natural habitats. Their contents have a downward tendency from high to low, but during the carly growth stage their contents are higher at low-altitude localities than those at high-altitude localities.

The sterile multiplied shoots of the adult Crataegus scabrifolia (Franch) Rehd. were used as the experiment material of rooting. The results sho- wed. shoots inoculated to culture mcdium of MS/ 2 added with auxin (IBA, NAA) at 0.01-1 .0mg/l, the rooting percentage was 50.4%. When the bases of the shoots first were immersed in high auxin concertration (l50--250mg/l) solution for 30 minutes, then inoculated to the culture medium of MS/ 2 devoid of auxin the rooting percentage was 60.1%; if dipping the bases of shoots for 1-2 seconds, the rooting percentage was 83.5%3 if the shoots were cultured for 2- 4 days in MS /2 medium with IBA at 1-5mg/l, then were transfered to the same medium but devoid of auxin, 15 days or so, the rooting percentage was over 92% and roots elongated normal; the rooting almost was not influenced with temperture between 20-29℃; rooting was obviously inhibited in the dark, unsatisfied under light condition 8 hours a day, but very satisfied in 16 hours or 24 hours a day.

Result show: 1. Plant hormones can accelerate seed germination of Vanilla planifolia. In three treatments (IAA 0. 1 mg/l+ BA 0.5 mg/l, BA 0.5 mg/l and IAA 0.5 mg/l+ BA 0.2 mg/l), the BA 0.5 mg/l treatment is the best, the percentage of seed germination is 46.9% in 31 weeks. It is 2.2 times of the control (no hormone is added in the medium); 2. The best temperature of incuba- tion is about 32-36℃, which is much higher than the ordinary temperature for tissue culture.

The steroidal saponin of 18 species of Paris were qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by means of HPLC. Methanolic extracts obtained from the dried roots of Paris plants were com-bined and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in H2O and then the solution chromatographed on a DIAION HP-20 column eluting with H2O and 90% MeOH successively. The 90% MeOH fraction was concentrated in vacuo to give a residue crude saponins. This residue was chromatographed on a ODS column with MeOH--H2O (9: 1 ) to divide into three fractions. The each fraction was further separated and purified by ODS or Rp- 8 column chlumatography using MeOHH2O with increasing H2O content as eluent to give complefely separated each chemical constituents. The identification of the each chromatographic peak separation on HPLC was compared with retention time and TLC as well as MS detection of pure compound separated from HPLC. The internal standard and calibration curve method were used for the quantitative analysis.

Applying GC/MS/DS technique, 17 essential oil samples of pine needles of pinus yunnanensis and P. kesiya var. langbianensis which are parallelly distributed from South to North and are perpedicularly distributed from different altitution in Yunnan province, were analyzed. Among them 26 compo- unds were identified.As the resu1t, similar chemical constituents were contained in the pine needles although they are produced in different area. But the content of α-pinene and β- pinene were vary different, the content of α-pinene is among 30-90%, however the content of β-pinene is from less than 1 % to more than 43%.

As a continution of our chemical studies on chinese species of Panax, the present paper deal with the isolation and structural elucidation of four new dammarane saponins together with five known saponins from tbe leaves of Panax iaponicus C. A. Meyer var. major (Burk.) Wu et Feng, it was collected from Qinling Mountain, Shanxi, China. A crude saponin fraction of the ethanol extract of the leaves of this drug was subjected to repeated column chromatography on silica gel and on reversed phase highly porous polymer and Lichroprep Rp--8 (Lobar) column to affordeing nine saponins. In which five known saponins were proyed to be identical with ginseno- side Rd (5 ) (yield: 0.26%), Re (6 ) (0.10%), Rg, (7 ) (0.032%), Rg, (8 ) (0.032%) and ginsenoside F, (9 ) (0. 16%), respectiyely. Other new four saponins were named majoroside F1 (1 ) (0.21%), F2 (2 ) (0.063%), F3 (3 ) (0.023%)and F4 (4 ) (0 .063% ), respectiYely.

Some sori of Adiantum capillus-veneris were used. Some sori were collected the fern leaves. Sporangia were sown on the surface of MS mediuln with 6--BA or without hormone, the spores germinating percentage was 20--25%. when adding GA,, the spores germinating percentage was 75-95%. Spores after germina- ting and become protonemae, the protonemae were transferred on the potato medium adding with NAA or 2, 4 -D and the MS medium adding witll GA3, NAA+ Homicacid-Na, MS medium adding with CM+ BA+ NAA. These results of culture show that MS medium adding with GA, should be nice for spore germina-tionl potato medium adding with NAA or 2, 4 -D should be efficient for sporo- phyte formation. In our experiments spent six to nine monthes from spore germina- tion, at first, developes as a filamentous protonema, then becomcs sporophyte.

Intact spinach(Spinacia oleracer L.)leaf peroxisomes convert glyceric acid to serine in the presence of NAD and alanine. The rate of conversion is lower in the intact peroxisomes than that in the broken one The reaction is completely dependent on NAD, but is only partially dependent on oxaloacet.te- The oxaloacetate can be replaced with a--ketoglutarate+ asparate. The peroxiso- mal membrane is sparsely permeable to NAD/NADH. The participation of the peroxisomal membrane transporter in an electron shuttle system across the memb- rane of peroxisomes in the regeneration of NAD/NADH is suggested.

The coat protein gene of tobacco mosaic virus strain OM have been combined with the 35S promoter and terminator of cauliflower mosaic virus as a chimeric gene. After insertion of this gene into the plasmid pGV1103neo containing a NPT I gene which can express in agrobacteria and a chimeric NPT II gene which can express in plant, this chimeraic coat protein gene have bcen inserted into the T-DNA region of a modified Ti plasmid pGV3850. The agrobacteria with this Ti plasmid containing the coat protein gene of tobacco mosaic virus is suitable to transform plants and to see if the expressed coat protein can delay or decrcase the symptom caused by tobacco mosaic virus in transgenic plant.

A scedling test including tbe mcasure and analysis of variance of the height and diameter at ground level of 21-months old seedlings of 27 different provenances of Pinus yunnanensis Fr. was carried out. The result showed that the variations of the height and diameter of different provenances of Pinus yun- nonensis planted in the same cxperimental plot were very remarkable. We have primarily selected 10 provenances of Pinus yunnanensis of which the height increment are faster than those of control and which can be used in forest cxperi- ment. In addition to a primary study of the geographical variations of morpho- logical characteristics and their relationship also described.

Crotalaria usaramoensis as original distributed in south America,It is a legume perenial green manure crop. The result of experiment of Crotalaria usaramoensis shows that it possesses following suited characteristics. It grows rapidly. One year's growth rates of as much as 2.5 to 2.8 metres in height and 4000 to 5000 kg in green weight per mu have been demonstrated under tropical condition of southern Yunnan. It can survive and thrive in unfavorable or extreme condition, such as on poor, shallow or acidic soils, where grain crops could not grow.

Arbor sempervirens glaberrima usque ad 18-25m alta, trunco 80 cm diametro, cortice griseo-brunei， irregulariter te-nue fissori,leuticellis prominente elevatis;ramuli hornotini subgraciles， luteo-virentes lucentes， vetustiori atro-olivacei,lenticellis magnis Pallidis et striis longitudinalibus nolati． Folia crasse chartacea， 

According to the method of the French--Swiss phytosociological school, and through the test of principal componcnt analysis, a systcmatical resc-arch on the vegetation of the dry-hot riyer valley in Yuanmou has been underta- ken, in which the main associations and their units have been accepted as follows: Ass. I Hcteropogonetum contorti,Subass. 1 bothriochloetosum,Fac. (1 ) Rumex hastatus Subass. 2 cymbopogonetosum ,Ass. E Hyparrhenietum eberhardtii,Ass. III Bothriochloetum pertusae

Acanthochlamys once assumed to be a member of the Amaryllida- ceae was studied on its sociological characteristics and the pollen morphology. The characters observed in pollen, that are quite different from both Amaryllidaceae and Iridaceae, are supporting the determination tentatively made by Prof. C. Y. Wu as regarding Acanthochlamys to be a relict member of Velloziaceae that are new to E. Asia and also to China. It may be a very reduced form of that family found only in Hengduan mountains from reparian vegetation to Kobresia meadow according to the field observation.

Comparative studies on morphology and stem tissue of S. hainanen- sis (Pei) Swamy et Bailey of variant groving areas in China were carried out. The results show that the species described previously is mixed population. The limit for S. hainanensis (Pei) Swamy et Bailey were revised and the two new varieties of Sarcandra, S. hainanensis (Pei) Swamy et Bailey var. pingbian- nensis C. Z. Qiao et Q. H. Zhang and S. hainanensis (Pei) Swamy et Bailey var. lingshuinensis C. Z. Qiao et Q. H. Zhang also described in the paper.

Vaccinium gaultheriifolium (Griff. ) Hook. f. cx C. B. Clarke var. glaucorubrum C. Y. Wu, var. nov. A var. gaultheriifolio recedit foliis subtus glabris, basi in utroque uniglan-dulis; pcdicellis brcvioribus, 4 -5 mm longis, c. 7 mm longis in fructescentiam;corollis longioribus, rubidis, 8-11 mm longis, cxtra glaucesecntibus.

Species statura C.latealati(v.d.B.)Copel.accedit,differt alis rachidis planis nec caperatis,venulis spuriis subparallelis ad nervum,valvis rotundatis nec deltoides.