热带木质藤本的根压及其与系统发育和环境的关系

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201515034

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

木质藤本导管直径大，容易发生气穴化，根压可能在气穴化导管修复中发挥重要作用。通过在旱季和雨季监测32种木质藤本的根压，分析了根压与系统发育、环境因子的关系。结果表明，所有木质藤本均有根压，最大根压范围2~138kPa。旱季有72%的木质藤本根压较小 (<15kPa)，但能全天维持正压。根压日变化规律有3类。第Ⅰ类：旱季与雨季均有明显日间波动；第Ⅱ类：旱季与雨季均没有明显日间波动；第Ⅲ类：旱季与雨季只有一个季节有明显日间波动。根压种间差异大，豆科与葡萄科的木质藤本具有较大根压，表明系统发育对根压有一定的影响。根压对光合有效辐射有较好的响应，但多数情况下根压与降雨、饱和蒸汽压差的关系不显著。环境因子对根压的影响还需要进一步研究。

关键词: 环境因子, 木质藤本, 根压, 系统发育, 热带雨林

Abstract:

Lianas usually possess large vessels, which are vulnerable to cavitation. Root pressure may play an important role in embolism repair of vessels. However, little is known about the generality of root pressure in tropical lianas. To characterize root pressure of lianas in tropical rainforests, we used pressure transducers to measure root pressure in the rainy and dry seasons for a total of 32 lianas from 14 families common in Xishuangbanna. We further analyzed the associations of maximum root pressure with phylogeny and of transient root pressure with environmental factors. We found that all lianas we selected had root pressure, with maximum root pressure ranging from 2-138kPa. In the dry season, about 72% (23 species) of the lianas had relatively low root pressure (<15kPa) and maintained positive throughout the day. This may be important for water balance for roots and basal stems of lianas. There were three types of diurnal changes in liana root pressure. In Type I, root pressure had obvious diurnal variation in the dry and rainy seasons. In Type II, root pressure did not show obvious diurnal variation in the dry and rainy seasons. In Type III, either in the dry or in the rainy season, root pressure showed obvious diurnal variation. Root pressure varied substantially among lianas, with lianas from two families, Fabaceae and Vitaceae, usually having relatively higher root pressure, suggesting that phylogeny may influence root pressure. Transient root pressure closely responded to photosynthetically active radiation. In most cases, however, it was not related to rainfall and vapour pressure deficit. These results suggest that the associations of liana root pressure with environments need further investigation.

Key words: Environmental factor, Liana, Phylogeny, Root pressure, Tropical rainforest

中图分类号:

Q 945

王华芳1、2, 杨石建3, 张教林1. 热带木质藤本的根压及其与系统发育和环境的关系[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(06): 751-759.

WANG Hua-Fang-, YANG Shi-Jian-, ZHANG Jiao-Lin. Root Pressure of Tropical Lianas and Their Relationships with Phylogeny and Environments[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(06): 751-759.

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