Seed Micromorphology and Its Taxonomic Significance of Begonia (Begoniaceae) in China and Vietnam

doi:10.7677/ynzwyj201514173

Abstract

Abstract:

The seed morphology of 47 species in Begonia in China and Vietnam were examined under Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. Seed varied from ellipsoidal to obovoid, sometimes broadly obovoid shape with large variation in size. The shape of operculum could be classified into three types: shortclaviform, broadly nippleshaped and obtuse. There are four types of epidermal ornamentations: straight striae, undulated striae, rounded punctum and herringboneshaped punctum. The principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the classification of Begonia based on the seed micromorphology was incompletely consistent with the traditional classification on the section level based on the placenta; the ornamentation of seeds showed stability in different populations of a species; the operculum shape shows a considerable difference among morphologically similar species. Seed morphological characters may relate to the dispersal patterns which showed an adaptation to the living environment.

Key words: Begonia, Seed, Ornamentation, Systematics, Taxonomy

CLC Number:

Q 944，Q 949

YANG Zhen-Zhen-, CHEN Wen-Hong-, SHUI Yu-Min. Seed Micromorphology and Its Taxonomic Significance of Begonia (Begoniaceae) in China and Vietnam[J]. Plant Diversity, 2015, 37(4): 376-388.

References

谷粹芝, 1999. 中国植物志52卷, 第1分册［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 126—269
黄素华, 税玉民, 2006. 云南植物志12卷［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 186—227
吴征镒, 路安民, 汤彦承等, 2003. 中国被子植物科属综论［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 488—490
Barthlott W, 1981. Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects［J］. Nordic Journal of Botany, 1: 345—355
Bouman F, Lange AD, 1982. Micromorphology of the seed coats in Begonia section Squamibegonia Warb［J］. Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 31 (4): 297—305
Chen W (陈薇), Liu KM (刘克明), Cai XZ (蔡秀珍) et al., 2007. Micromorphological features of seed surface of fourteen species in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in relation to their taxonomic significance［J］. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 29 (6): 625—631
Doorenbos J, Sosef MSM, de Wilde JJFE, 1998. The Sections of Begonia, including descriptions, keys and species lists, in Studies in Begoniaceae VI［M］. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers, 98 (2): 1—266
Forrest LL, Hollingsworth PM, 2003. A recircumscription of Begonia based on nuclear ribosomal sequences［J］. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 241: 193—211
Hughes M, 2008. An annotated Checklist of Southeast Asian Begonia［M］. Royal Botanic Garden Edingburgh, 1—164
Howe HF, Smallwood J, 1982. Ecology of seed dispersal［J］. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 13: 201—228
Juan R, Pastor J, Fernandez I, 2000. SEM and LEM microscope observation on fruit and seeds in Scrophulariaceae from southwest Spain and their systematic significance［J］. Annals of Botany, 86: 323—338
Kasem WT, Ghareeb A, Marwa E, 2011. Seed morphology and seed coat sculpturing of 32 taxa of family Brassicaceae［J］. Journal of American Science, 7 (2): 166—178
Ku TC, Peng CI, Turland NJ, 2007. Begoniaceae［A］// Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY eds., Flora of China［M］. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 13: 153—207
Lange AD, Bouman F, 1991. Seed micromorphology of the genus Begonia in Africa: taxonomic and ecological implications［A］// JJFE. de. Wild ed., Studies in Begoniaceae III［M］. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers, 90-4: 1—81
Lange AD, Bouman F, 1999. Seed Micromorphology of Neotropical Begonias［M］. Washington, DC.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1—50
Liu CJ (刘长江), Lin Q (林祁), He JX (贺建秀), 2004. Methods and terminology of study on seed morphology from China［J］. Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 24 (1): 178—188
Peng CI, Ku SM, Leong WC, 2005a. Begonia liuyanii (sect. Coelocentrum, Begoniaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China［J］. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 46: 245—254
Peng CI, Shui YM, Liu Y et al., 2005b. Begonia fangii (sect. Coelocentrum, Begoniaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China［J］. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 46: 83—89
Rajbhandary S, Shrestha KK, 2010. Taxonomic and ecological significance of seed micromorphology in Himalayan Begonias: SEM Analysis［J］. Pakistan Journal of Botany, Special Issue (S. I. Ali Festschrift), 42: 135—154
Rajbhandary S, Hughes M, Shrestha KK, 2012. Pollen morphology of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) in Nepal［J］. Bangladdesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy, 19 (2): 191—200
Shui YM (税玉民), Li QR (李启任), Huang SH (黄素华), 1999. Observation of leaf epidermis and its hair of Begonia from Yunnan［J］. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 21 (3): 309—316
Shui YM, Peng CI, Wu CY, 2002. Synopsis of the Chinese species of Begonia (Begoniaceae), with a reappraisal of sectional delimitation［J］. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 43: 313—327
Smith LB, Wasshausen DC, Golding J et al., 1986. Begoniaceae, Part I: Illustrated Key, Part II: Annotated Species List［M］. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, 60: 1—584
Systematics Association Committee for Descriptive Terminology, 1962. Terminology of simple symmetrical plane shapes［J］. Taxon, 11: 145—156, 245—247
Tebbitt MC, Forrest LL, Santoriello A et al., 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of Asian Begonia, with an emphasis on the evolution of rainballist and animal dispersal mechanisms in Sections Platycentrum, Sphenanthera and Leprosae［J］. Systematic Botany, 31 (2): 327—336
Tian DK, Li C, Yan YH et al., 2014. Begonia intermedia, a new species of Begoniaceae from Hainan China［J］. Phytotaxa, 166 (2): 114—122
Wilhelm B, 1981. Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects［J］. Nordic Journal of Botany, 1 (3): 345—355
Willson MF, Traveset, 2000. The ecology of seed dispersal［A］// Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities［M］. 2 nd edition. School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, UK, 85—110

[1]	Yue-Wen Xu, Lu Sun, Rong Ma, Yong-Qian Gao, Hang Sun, Bo Song. Does pollinator dependence decrease along elevational gradients? [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(04): 446-455.
[2]	Qing Tan, Bing Han, Mohammad Enamul Haque, Ye-Lan Li, Yue Wang, Di Wu, Shi-Bo Wu, Ai-Zhong Liu. The molecular mechanism of WRINKLED1 transcription factor regulating oil accumulation in developing seeds of castor bean [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(04): 469-478.
[3]	Li-Guo Zhang, Xiao-Qian Li, Wei-Tao Jin, Yu-Juan Liu, Yao Zhao, Jun Rong, Xiao-Guo Xiang. Asymmetric migration dynamics of the tropical Asian and Australasian floras [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(01): 20-26.
[4]	Mei-Zhen Wang, Xiao-Kai Fan, Yong-Hua Zhang, Jing Wu, Li-Mi Mao, Sheng-Lu Zhang, Min-Qi Cai, Ming-Hong Li, Zhang-Shi-Chang Zhu, Ming-Shui Zhao, Lu-Xian Liu, Kenneth M. Cameron, Pan Li. Phylogenomics and integrative taxonomy reveal two new species of Amana (Liliaceae) [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(01): 54-68.
[5]	Jing Zhu, Lan Jiang, De-Huang Zhu, Cong Xing, Meng-Ran Jin, Jin-Fu Liu, Zhong-Sheng He. Forest gaps regulate seed germination rate and radicle growth of an endangered plant species in a subtropical natural forest [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(05): 445-454.
[6]	Yao-Ke Li, Julian Harber, Chuan Peng, Zhi-Qiang Du, Yao-Wu Xing, Chih-Chieh Yu. Taxonomic synopsis of Berberis (Berberidaceae) from the northern Hengduan mountains region in China, with descriptions of seven new species [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(05): 505-517.
[7]	Yong Yang, David Kay Ferguson, Bing Liu, Kang-Shan Mao, Lian-Ming Gao, Shou-Zhou Zhang, Tao Wan, Keith Rushforth, Zhi-Xiang Zhang. Recent advances on phylogenomics of gymnosperms and a new classification [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(04): 340-350.
[8]	Jun-Hao Yu, Rui Zhang, Qiao-Ling Liu, Fa-Guo Wang, Xun-Lin Yu, Xi-Ling Dai, Yong-Bo Liu, Yue-Hong Yan. Ceratopteris chunii and Ceratopteris chingii (Pteridaceae), two new diploid species from China, based on morphological, cytological, and molecular data [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(03): 300-307.
[9]	Wen-Bo Wang, Tao Ao, Yan-Yu Zhang, Di Wu, Wei Xu, Bing Han, Ai-Zhong Liu. Genome-wide analysis of the B3 transcription factors reveals that RcABI3/VP1 subfamily plays important roles in seed development and oil storage in castor bean (Ricinus communis) [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(02): 201-212.
[10]	Zhen-Yu Lv, Ziyoviddin Yusupov, Dai-Gui Zhang, Ya-Zhou Zhang, Xiao-Shuang Zhang, Nan Lin, Komiljon Tojibaev, Hang Sun, Tao Deng. Oreocharis xieyongii, an unusual new species of Gesneriaceae from western Hunan, China [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(02): 222-230.
[11]	Wei-Bo Du, Peng Jia, Guo-Zhen Du. Current patterns of plant diversity and phylogenetic structure on the Kunlun Mountains [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(01): 30-38.
[12]	Zhi-Jian Yin, Ze-Huan Wang, Norbert Kilian, Ying Liu, Hua Peng, Ming-Xu Zhao. Mojiangia oreophila (Crepidinae, Cichorieae, Asteraceae), a new species and genus from Mojiang County, SW Yunnan, China, and putative successor of the maternal Faberia ancestor [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(01): 83-93.
[13]	Liang Lin, Lei Cai, Lei Fan, Jun-Chao Ma, Xiang-Yun Yang, Xiao-Jian Hu. Seed dormancy, germination and storage behavior of Magnolia sinica, a plant species with extremely small populations of Magnoliaceae [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(01): 94-100.
[14]	Xiaoyang Song, Min Cao, Jieqiong Li, Roger L. Kitching, Akihiro Nakamura, Melinda J. Laidlaw, Yong Tang, Zhenhua Sun, Wenfu Zhang, Jie Yang. Different environmental factors drive tree species diversity along elevation gradients in three climatic zones in Yunnan, southern China [J]. Plant Diversity, 2021, 43(06): 433-443.
[15]	Xia-Ying Ye, Yu-Xiao Zhang, De-Zhu Li. Two new species of Yushania (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from South China, with a taxonomic revision of related species [J]. Plant Diversity, 2021, 43(06): 492-501.